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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Mol Ecol. 2017 Dec 14;27(8):2057–2066. doi: 10.1111/mec.14434

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effect of antibiotic treatment on population differentiation. Fixation index (Fst) between different populations of S. alvi and G. apicola from individual bees. (A–B) Fst between all control and treatment bees: Control/Control (CC), Control/Treatment (CT), and Treatment/Treatment (TT). (C–D) Fst between vulnerable and robust bees: Vulnerable/Vulnerable (VV), Vulnerable/Robust (VR), and Robust/Robust (RR). Circles represent median Fst values; vertical lines indicate standard deviation. *** = P < 0.0001, Wilcoxon test.