Table 1.
ABCB1 genetic variants associated with methadone metabolism
| Ethnicity | Measurement | Alleles/ variants |
MAF (minor allele)a |
Finding | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| European-Australian (n = 60) | Dose | rs9282564 | 8% (G) | AGCGC haplotype homozygotes required higher doses. AGCTT haplotype carriers required higher doses | [31] |
| rs2229109 | 3% (A) | ||||
| rs1128503 | 42% (T) | ||||
| rs2032582 | 41% (T) | ||||
| rs1045642 | 48% (C) | ||||
| Israeli (n = 98) | Dose | rs1128503 | 42% (T) | TTT haplotype homozygotes required higher doses. CGC/TTT heterozygotes required lower doses | [32] |
| rs2032582 | 41% (T) | ||||
| rs1045642 | 48% (C) | ||||
| Han Chinese (n = 321) | Dose | rs1045642 | 38% (T) | T allele carriers required higher doses | [34] |
| European (n = 245) | Plasma concentration | rs1045642 | 48% (C) | T/T genotype decreased (R,S)-methadone | [35] |
| Taiwanese (n = 178) | Plasma concentration | rs2032582 | 41% (T) | T/T genotype increased (R,S)-methadone | [41] |
| Mixed, American (n = 206) | Plasma concentration | rs2032582 | G/G genotype increased (R,S)-methadone | [44] | |
| Malaysian (n = 148) | Plasma concentration | rs1128503 | 42% (C)b | CGC/TTT heterozygotes had higher (R,S)-methadone | [45] |
| rs2032582 | 37% (T)b | ||||
| rs1045642 | 36% (T)b | ||||
| European (n = 244) | Plasma concentration | rs1045642 | 48% (C) | T/T genotype decreased (S)-methadone | [36] |
| European-Australian (n = 119) | Dose | rs9282564 | 8% (G) | AGCTT haplotype with A/A genotype decreased dose | [68] |
| rs2229109 | 3% (A) | ||||
| rs1128503 | 42% (T) | ||||
| rs2032582 | 41% (T) | ||||
| rs1045642 | 48% (C) |
a
Estimates from 1000 Genomes Project
b
Frequency from study population
MAF Predicted minor allele frequency in study ethnicity