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. 2018 May 4;8:7039. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-25468-8

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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IP6K1 deletion disrupted spermatid-Sertoli cell interactions. (a) Electron microscopy showed structures of tubulobulbar complexes of WT and IP6K1 KOs. The bulbs were enlarged (arrows) and the tubular regions were absent (arrowheads) in the IP6K1 KOs. Scale bar 100 nm. (b) Electron microscopy showed step 16 spermatids from WT and IP6K1 KO stage VII seminiferous tubules. The KO spermatids showed excess residual cytoplasm and degenerated acrosomes. Scale bar 500 nm.