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. 2018 May 4;8:7050. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-25340-9

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Propranolol and 2DG together inhibit tumor growth in vivo. 2 × 10⁶ PC3 cells were injected subcutaneously in each flank of nude mice (n = 20 mice). The tumors were allowed to grow for 11 days and then the animals were separated in four groups (n = 10 tumors in each condition). Each group received a specific treatment: Control (PBS), propranolol (P), 2DG (2DG) and 2DG+P (2DG+P) as described in the “Materials and Methods”. After 16 days, mice were sacrificed. The tumors were macroscopically observed (a), measured (b) and weighed (c). The double treatment induced a significant reduction of tumor size and weight. Bar = 5 mm.