Table 2.

Compilation of published immersion tests set-ups used in the characterisation of Mg materials degradation. Studies performed under physiological conditions are highlighted in bold. Abbreviations: AC: Atmospheric conditions; CCC: Cell Culture Conditions (37 °C, 5% CO₂, 95% rH); HBSS: Hank's Balanced Salt Solution; SBF: Simulated Body Fluid; DMEM: Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium; FBS: Foetal Bovine Serum; EMEM: Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium; BSA: Bovine Serum Albumin; MEM: Minimum Essential Medium; m-SBF: modified Simulated Body Fluid; PBS: Phosphate Buffered Saline; GibcoTM Glutamax^®: standardised addition of L-alanyl-L-glutamine; EBSS: Earle's Balanced Salt Solution; P/S: Penicillin/Streptomycin; PEO: Plasma Electrolytic oxidation coating process; HAp: Hydroxyapatite coating; OCP: Octacalcium phosphate coating; PM: Powder metallurgy processing; n/a: data not available.

Method	Alloy	Medium	Conditions	V/A ratio (mL/cm2)	Medium exchange	Immersion time	Flow rate/FISS	Reference
Static	Mg-Mn-Zn	HBSS, SBP	AC	0.67, 6.67 and 66.7	–	300 h	–	[5]
Static	Mg-Ca, AZ31, AZ91	HBSS, DMEM, DMEM + FBS	AC	Not reported	–	7 days	–	[78]
Static	Pure Mg	EMEM	CCC	0.17	–	24 h	–	[79]
Static	Mg-Ca	NaCl + BSA	AC, 37 °C	88	–	1, 2, 12 h	–	[80]
Static	Mg-Ca	HBSS, MEM, MEM + FBS	AC, 37 °C	300	–	n/a	–	[81]
Static	AZ31	Modified HBSS	AC, 37 °C	25–50	–	72, 90 h	–	[82]
Static	M1A	SBF, SBF + BSA	AC, 37 °C	Not reported	–	1–24 h	–	[83]
Static	Pure Mg	DMEM	CCC	5000	–	16 days	–	[84]
Static	Pure Mg (PM)	DMEM	AC, 37 °C	378	–	1 h	–	[34]
Static	AZ31, AZ31-Lu	NaCl	AC	80	–	7 days	–	[85]
Static	Pure Mg	Artificial saliva	AC, 37 °C	25	–	10 days	–	[86]
Static	AM50, AM50-PEO	m-SBF	AC, 37 °C	14.5	100%/3 days or when pH ≥ 8.0	60 days	–	[87]
Static	Pure Mg	NaCl + glucose, HBSS + glucose	AC, 37 °C	30	–	60 h	–	[88]
static	AZ31, AZ31-Hap, AZ31-OCP	EMEM+10%FBS	AC	50	–	14–52 weeks	–	[89]
Static	Pure Mg, Mg-4Y-3RE, Mg-5Gd, Mg-10Gd, Mg2Ag, Mg4Ag, Mg6Ag	PBS. DMEM Glutamax	AC, 37 °C/CCC	30	–	95–160 h	–	[90]
Static	Pure Mg, Mg-4Y-3RE, Mg-5Gd, Mg-10Gd, Mg-2Ag, Mg-4Ag, Mg-6Ag	DMEM Glutamax	CCC	30–50	–	100–200 h	–	[91]
Static	WE43-Hf	SBF/37 °C	AC, 37 °C	20	–	1 day	–	[92]
Static	Mg-3Sn-1Zn-0.5Mn	SBF	AC, 37 °C	25 (ASTM G31-72)	–	30 days	–	[93]
Static	Pure Mg	0.9% NaCl + L-cysteine + glucose	AC, 37 °C	30	–	72 h	–	[94]
Static	WE43	HBSS	CCC	30–62	–	72 h	–	[95]
Semi-static	Pure Mg	NaCl, EBSS, EMEM	CCC	13.7	55%/day	15 d	–	[7]
Semi-static	WE43	SBF	AC, 37 °C	15	100% Regularly not specified (to avoid pH > 8.0)	30 days	–	[96]
Semi-static	Pure Mg	DMEM Glutamax (0,10, 20% FBS), HBSS (0, 10, 20% FBS), H2O (Milipore water)	CCC	Not reported	100%/2–3 days	3 d	–	[70]
Semi-static	Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr	SBF	AC, 37 °C	30 (ASTM G31-72)	100%/day	120 h	–	[97]
Semi-static	Pure Mg, Mg-0.8Ca, Mg-1Zn, Mg-1Mn, Mg-1.34Ca-3Zn	EBSS, MEM, MEM + BSA	CCC, AC, 37 °C/HEPES	13.4 (stirring)	55%/day	7, 14, 21 d	n/a	[98] {Walker, 2012 #2}
Semi-static	Pure Mg, WE43, E11	HBSS(+10% FBS), DMEM Glutamax (+10% FBS)	CCC	0.2	100%/day	3 d	–	[99]
Semi-static	AZ31B	NaCl, SBF	C, 37 °C	330	100%/day	1, 3, 10 d	–	[100]
Semi-static	Pure Mg, Mg-xCa, Mg-xMn, Mg-xZn	MEM + 10%FBS	CCC	2.3	100%/day	1, 2, 4 d	–	[101]
Semi static	Pure Mg	DMEM Glutamax + 10% FBS	CCC	Not reported	100%/2–3 days	40 d	–	[102]
Dynamic	AZ31	SBF	AC, 37 °C	0.79 cm2/mL	–	10 min, 2 h	0.88 Pa	[103]
Dynamic	Pure Mg, WE43	HBSS	AC, 37 °C	1780–1666	–	240 h	0.64 Pa	[104]
Dynamic	Mg-Zn-Ca, AZ31	DMEM + 10%FBS + 1% P/S	CCC	2222	recirculation	7 days	0, 0.07, 0.15, 0.31, 0.62 Pa	[105]
Dynamic	Pure Mg, AZ91, ZE41	HBSS	pH and CO2 controlled	514–654	recirculation	166 h	n/a	[106]
Dynamic/stirring	Pure Mg	PBS and HBSS	AC, 37 °C	80	stirring	120 s	Rotatory disc	[107]
Dynamic	Pure Mg	SBF	AC, 37 °C	110–132	recirculation	1, 2, 3 d	0.025, 0.4, 0.8 mL/min	[108]