Fig. 3.

TUDCA and 4-PBA pretreatment attenuated I/R-induced renal tubular epithelial cells apoptosis and renal damage. Groups of mice were pretreated with 4-PBA (100 mg/kg, 1 h) or TUDCA (300 mg/kg, 1 h) and then were subjected to I/R (24 h) or Sham surgery. a Representative TUNEL apoptosis assay images of kidney tissues. Brown dots were deemed positive apoptosis cells (magnification ×400; red arrow). b Representative light microscopy images of H&E-stained sections from every group (magnification ×200). c Histopathological scores of kidneys, n = 6, *p < 0.05 vs Sham; ^#p < 0.05 vs I/R group. Data are the mean values ± SEM. d Plasma BUN and Cre levels, n = 6, *p < 0.05 vs Sham; ^#p < 0.05 vs I/R group. Data are the mean values ± SEM