Table 2.
Clinical variables and biomarkers as predictors of mortality following acute exacerbations of IIP
| Variable | AE-IIP total population (n = 68) | AE-IPF subpopulation (n = 28) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Clinical variables | ||||
| Age | 1.059 (1.007–1.113) | 0.025* | 1.045 (0.952–1.147) | 0.357 |
| FVC %pred | 0.985 (0.961–1.008) | 0.195 | 1.023 (0.991–1.057) | 0.164 |
| Time from diagnosis to admission, months (median IQR) | 1.010 (0.999–1.020) | 0.066 | 1.013 (0.991–1.034) | 0.255 |
| Treatment duration from admission, days (median IQR) | 0.961 (0.915–1.009) | 0.110 | 0.940 (0.856–1.031) | 0.187 |
| Female gender | 2.420 (1.166–5.025) | 0.018* | NA | NA |
| Ex smoker | 0.631 (0.312–1.279) | 0.202 | 1.120 (0.248–5.054) | 0.883 |
| Current smoker | 0.000 (5× e− 191 - 963× e177) | 0.957 | NA | NA |
| Biomarkers | ||||
| BGM | 1.047 (0.759–1.442) | 0.783 | 0.966 (0.562–1.662) | 0.901 |
| C1M | 1.277 (0.946–1.714) | 0.108 | 1.449 (0.911–2.316) | 0.116 |
| C3M | 1.010 (0.722–1.412) | 0.955 | 0.878 (0.486–1.585) | 0.665 |
| C4M | 1.214 (0.879–1.675) | 0.237 | 1.115 (0.681–1.831) | 0.663 |
| C6M | 1.042 (0.774–1.406) | 0.785 | 1.160 (0.702–1.915) | 0.564 |
| CRPM | 0.959 (0.707–1.304) | 0.792 | 0.939 (0.538–1.638) | 0.824 |
| ELM7 | 1.101 (0.798–1.518) | 0.559 | 0.954 (0.559–1.628) | 0.862 |
| VCANM | 0.636 (0.432–0.937) | 0.022* | 0.828 (0.446–1.538) | 0.551 |
The predictive value of clinical variables for mortality following an acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP, n = 68) or the subpopulation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF, n = 28) was evaluated by univariate Cox regression. The predictive value of biomarkers measured at time of acute exacerbation for mortality outcome was evaluated by multiple Cox regression adjusting for age and gender for IIP and by univariate Cox regression for IPF. Data are shown as mean hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). HR for biomarkers are shown per one standard deviation (SD) increase in biomarker levels at time of acute exacerbation. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (*p < 0.05)