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. 2018 Apr 30;9:811. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00811

Table 1.

Characteristics of the study subjects.

NE (n = 24) PHI (n = 10) CHI (n = 14) 3ART (n = 21) PR (n = 27) CO (n = 21) HC (n = 23)
Gender m = 20/f = 4 m = 9/f = 1 m = 11/f = 3 m = 18/f = 3 m = 21/f = 6 m = 13/f = 8 m = 9/f = 14

Age at blood draw (years) 48 (24–62) 47.5 (24–56) 49.5 (36–62) 49 (30–71) 40 (20–60) 39 (23–66) 45 (25–62)

CD4 pre-ART (abs., %) 434 (212–751)
16.5% (7–37)
467 (339–751)
23.5% (7–37)
247 (212–489)
13.5% (8–23)
294 (12–492)
19% (1–35)
n.a. n.a. n.a.

CD4 at blood draw (abs., %) 713 (551–1,342)
37% (19–57)
892 (557–1,342)
42.5% (37–57)
676 (551–1,052)
31% (19–50)
604 (104–1,243)
31% (9–56)
136 (25–357)
11.5% (1–26)
706 (467–1,442)
35% (16–48)
n.a.

CD4 nadir (abs.) 360 (212–751) 467 (339–751) 237 (212–530) 235 (6–472) 143 (12–357) 534 (270–1,259) n.a.

VL pre-ART (cp/ml) 299,230 (6,769–39,791,860) 1,410,751 (33,873–39,791,860) 173,642 (6,769–501,187) 40,749 (2,583–758,578) n.a. n.a. n.a.

VL at blood draw (cp/ml) <40 (<40–150) <40 (<40–150) <40 (<40) <40 (<40) 123,818 (2,100–2,970,000) 103 (<40–1,214) n.a.

Treatment length (years) 5.5 (4.5–6.5) (=only intensified ART) 6 (5–6.5) 5.5 (4.5–6.5)
Total years of ART: 11 (9.5–16.5)
10.5 (4–18.5) n.a. n.a. n.a.

NE, patients in the New Era study; PHI, subgroup of the NE patients with primary HIV infection (4 patients of Fiebig stage 3; 6 patients of Fiebig stage 4); CHI, subgroup of the NE patients with chronic HIV infection; HC, HIV-uninfected controls; CO, controllers; PR, progressors; 3ART, patients treated with a conventional 3-drug ART; m, male; f, female; n.a., not applicable; abs., absolute; ART, antiretroviral therapy.

The data are presented as the median and range.

For the subgroup PHI: the CD4 count pre-ART and CD4 nadir are the same, since there was only one blood draw after the diagnosis of HIV infection and before the start of ART.

For viral load: the limit of detection was 40 cp/ml in this study.

The CD4 counts between the NE and 3ART patients at blood draw were significantly different (p = 0.044; Mann–Whitney U test). However, there was no difference in the CD4 count at blood draw between the CHI and 3ART patients (p = 0.288, Mann–Whitney U test). Therefore, the difference was driven by the PHI patients who had higher CD4 counts.