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Models of PNPLA3 function in FA remodeling. PNPLA3 may act as a transacylase, transferring vLCPUFA directly from TG to lyso-PL. Alternatively, PNPLA3 may function as a vLCPUFA-specific TG hydrolase in a remodeling pathway for LD PL analogous to the Lands cycle for membrane PL. PNPLA3(148M) expression causes an increase in TG and PL remodeling, whereas PNPLA3(47A) has an opposite effect because it has no enzyme activity.
