Table 1.

Flow optimization of the coupling of epichlorohydrin 3 with 4-nitrophenol 4 at 0.5 ml min⁻¹.

solvent	base	temp (°C)	ratio (4 : 5a)a,b
DMF	Cs2CO3	75	50 : 50
DMF	Cs2CO3	85	20 : 80
DMF	Cs2CO3	95	5 : 95
DMF	Cs2CO3	105	3 : 97
CH3CN	Cs2CO3	105	100 : 0
DMF	DIPEA	105	100 : 0
DMF	DBU	105	10 : 90
DMF	N(Bu)4OAc	105	0 : 100

^aReaction conditions: (i) 0.1 M 4-nitrophenol (4), neat epichlorohydrin (3), anhydrous DMF, residence time (t_r) = 10 min, 5 bar.

^bRatios calculated by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) analysis.