Table 5.

Median time to onset and when available rate and time to recovery of thyroid irAEs induced by PD-1 and PD-L1 Ab.

PD-1 antibody	Type of irAE	Median time to onset of dysthyroidism	Rate of recovery	Median time to resolution
Nivolumab	Hyperthyroidism	23–45 day (range from 1 day to 14.2 month)	Almost all evolve to eu- or hypothyroidism (may require management with methimazole and corticosteroids)
Nivolumab	Hypothyroidism	2–3 month (range 1 day–16.6 month)	Frequently stay in hypothyroidism with long-term THR
Pembrolizumab	Hyperthyroidism	1.4 month (range: 1 day to ~22 month)	Three-fourths of affected patients	2.1 months (range: 3 day to over 15 month)
Pembrolizumab	Hypothyroidism	3.5 month (range: 1 day to 19 month)	One-fifth of affected patients	(range 2 day to over 27 month)
Atezolizumab	Hyperthyroidism	3.2 month in UTC (range: 1.4–5.8 month)4.9 months in NSCLC (range: 21 days to 31 months)
Atezolizumab	Hypothyroidism	5.4 months in UTC (range: 21 day to 11.3 month)4.8 months in NSCLC (range 15 day to 31 month)
Avelumab	Immune medicated thyroid disorders	2.8 month (range: 2 week to 13 month)	7%	Not estimable (range: 6 day to over 26 month)
Durvalumab	Hypothyroidism or thyroiditis leading to hypothyroidism	42 day (range: 15–239 day)
Durvalumab	Hyperthyroidism or thyroiditis leading to hyperthyroidism	43 day (range: 14–71 day)

NSCLC, non-small cell lung carcinoma; THR, thyroid hormone replacement; UTC, urothelial carcinoma.