Table 2.
Selected Trials for Combination Chemotherapy.
| Chemotherapy | Common Toxicities | Best Response |
|---|---|---|
| FMP | Leukocytopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated LFTs | PR in 27% with median duration of 7.6 months, 53% with SD77 |
| ECF | GI toxicity, hand–foot rash | Median OS of 10 months and ORR of 14.5%78 |
| Low-dose FP | Nausea, vomiting | PR in 47%, TTP 211 days79 |
| GEMOX | Thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, neurotoxicity | ORR 18%, SD in 58%, median PFS 6.3 months, median OS 11.5 months22 |
| XELOX | Diarrhea, elevated LFTs, thrombocytopenia, neurotoxicity | ORR 6%, 72% disease control rate, median PFS of 4.1 months, and OS of 9.3 months80 |
| mFOLFOX4 | Neuropathy, similar toxicity to low-dose doxorubicin | Median PFS of 2.9 months, ORR of 8%, and disease control rate of 52%20 |
| PIAF | Hematologic toxicity | Median OS benefit of 2 months, ORR of 20.9%25 |
Abbreviations: ECF, cisplatin, infusional 5-FU, and epirubicin; FMP, 5-fluorouracil, mitoxantrone, and cisplatin; mFOLFOX, 5-FU, oxaliplatin, leukovorin FP, continuous 5-FU and low-dose cisplatin; GEMOX, gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin; GI, gastrointestinal; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; PIAF, cisplatin, IFNa, doxorubicin, and infusional 5-FU; PFS, progression-free survival; XELOX, xeloda and oxaliplatin.