Table 3.
Comparison of the maternal and neonatal outcomes between GDM patients with good control and poor control of glucose
| Outcomes | Good control (n = 606) | Poor control (n = 363) | Statistics | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal | ||||
| Stillbirth | 2 (0.3) | 13 (3.6) | 15.746* | <0.01 |
| Neonatal death | 1 (0.2) | 4 (1.1) | 3.882* | 0.132 |
| Hypertensive disorders | 58 (9.6) | 54 (14.9) | 6.250* | 0.012 |
| Polyhydramnios | 44 (7.3) | 43 (11.8) | 5.840* | 0.016 |
| Postpartum hemorrhage | 9 (1.5) | 6 (1.7) | 0.042* | 0.838 |
| Placenta previa | 21 (3.5) | 13 (3.6) | 0.009* | 0.924 |
| PROM | 76 (12.5) | 43 (11.8) | 0.102* | 0.75 |
| Placental abruption | 3 (0.5) | 3 (0.6) | 0.405* | 0.831 |
| Method of delivery | ||||
| Vaginal delivery | 158 (26.2) | 65 (18.8) | 6.796* | 0.009 |
| Cesarean section | 444 (73.8) | 281 (81.2) | ||
| Neonatal | ||||
| Premature | 51 (8.5) | 72 (20.8) | 29.619* | <0.01 |
| Neonatal weight (g) | 3.51 ± 0.56 | 3.50 ± 0.68 | 0.243† | 0.808 |
| Macrosomia | 102 (16.9) | 78 (22.5) | 4.479* | 0.034 |
| 1 min Apgar | 9.56 ± 0.67 | 9.38 ± 0.82 | 10.573† | <0.01 |
| 5 min Apgar | 9.95 ± 0.30 | 9.88 ± 0.48 | 7.014† | <0.01 |
| 10 min Apgar | 9.97 ± 0.30 | 9.93 ± 0.40 | 5.909† | <0.01 |
| 1 min Apgar <7 | 8 (1.3) | 11 (3.2) | 3.830* | 0.05 |
| Admission of neonatal care | 40 (6.6) | 46 (13.3) | 11.780* | 0.001 |
| Neonatal complication | ||||
| RDS | 14 (2.3) | 25 (7.2) | 13.373* | <0.01 |
| Hyperbilirubinemia | 62 (10.3) | 43 (12.4) | 1.011* | 0.315 |
| Hypoglycemia | 14 (2.3) | 16 (4.6) | 3.789* | 0.052 |
| Malformation | 7 (1.2) | 2 (0.6) | 0.799* | 0.585 |
*χ2 values; †t values. Values for quantitative data are presented as mean ± SD; values for categorical variables are presented as n (%). GDM: Gestational diabetes mellitus; RDS: Respiratory distress syndrome; PROM: Premature rupture of membranes; SD: Standard deviation.