Table 4.

Univariable and multivariable analysis of disease characteristics with cancer recurrence following radical prostatectomy

Variable	Univariable			Multivariable
	Comparison	Hazard ratio	p	Hazard ratio	p
Surgical approach	Open vs. robotic	1.2 (0.74–1.8)	0.53	0.8 (0.5–1.3)	0.44
Preoperative PSA (per ng/ml)	N/A	1.1 (1.0–1.1)	<0.0001	1.1 (1.0–1.1)	<0.0001
Gleason score	3+3 vs. 3+4	Not estimable		Not estimable
	4+3 vs. 3+4	3.6 (2.1–5.9)	<0.0001	2.7 (1.6–4.6)	0.0004
	≥8 vs. 3+4	7.8 (4.3–14.2)	<0.0001	5.5 (2.9–10.4)	<0.0001
Pathological stage	T3 vs. T2	5.6 (3.3–9.6)	<0.0001	3.0 (1.7–5.3)	0.0002

PSA: prostate-specific antigen.