Table 3.
Logistic regression predicting obesity from soda consumption and place of birth by ethnicity among non-institutionalized adults aged 18 years or over, California Health Interview Survey 2009 (n 36 271)
| White (n 31 167) | Chinese American (n 1065) | Japanese American (n 428) | Korean American (n 958) | Filipino American (n 507) | South Asian American (n 420) | Vietnamese American (n 1423) | Other Asian American (n 303) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | AOR* | 95 % CI | AOR* | 95 % CI | AOR* | 95 % CI | AOR* | 95 % CI | AOR* | 95 % CI | AOR* | 95 % CI | AOR* | 95 % CI | AOR* | 95 % CI |
| Number of times drink soda per week† | 1·00 | 0·99, 1·02 | 1·14 | 0·97, 1·33 | 1·01 | 0·91, 1·11 | 1·45 | 0·78, 2·72 | 0·98 | 0·78, 1·23 | 0·95 | 0·63, 1·43 | 1·22 | 1·04, 1·44 | 1·44 | 1·18, 1·76 |
| Place of birth | ||||||||||||||||
| US-born | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||||
| Foreign-born‡ | 0·76 | 0·50, 1·15 | 0·19 | 0·06, 0·56 | 0·45 | 0·16, 1·26 | 0·09 | 0·02, 0·58 | 0·45 | 0·14, 1·45 | 2·07 | 0·23, 18·68 | 0·83 | 0·15, 4·50 | 2·57 | 0·22, 30·22 |
| Place of birth by soda interaction | ||||||||||||||||
| US-born × soda | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||||
| Foreign-born × soda | 0·95 | 0·85, 1·06 | 1·11 | 0·89, 1·39 | 1·15 | 1·02, 1·29 | 1·25 | 0·62, 2·50 | 0·97 | 0·76, 1·24 | 1·09 | 0·72, 1·65 | 0·65 | 0·47, 0·92 | 0·76 | 0·60, 0·97 |
| Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||||||||||||||
| Gender | ||||||||||||||||
| Male | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | ||||||||
| Female | 0·72 | 0·64, 0·81 | 0·38 | 0·16, 0·93 | 0·71 | 0·31, 1·62 | 1·25 | 0·20, 7·86 | 1·33 | 0·52, 3·36 | 0·97 | 0·31, 3·04 | 0·39 | 0·16, 0·98 | 0·55 | 0·07, 4·13 |
| Age (years) | 1·01 | 1·00, 1·01 | 1·03 | 1·00, 1·05 | 0·99 | 0·96, 1·02 | 1·06 | 1·02, 1·09 | 0·99 | 0·96, 1·01 | 1·02 | 0·99, 1·05 | 1·00 | 0·97, 1·04 | 1·02 | 0·96, 1·09 |
| Years of education | 0·94 | 0·92, 0·96 | 1·04 | 0·95, 1·14 | 0·89 | 0·76, 1·04 | 1·45 | 1·12, 1·89 | 1·02 | 0·82, 1·26 | 0·92 | 0·79, 1·08 | 0·87 | 0·76, 1·00 | 0·84 | 0·66, 1·07 |
| Annual household income ($US, thousands) | 1·00 | 1·00, 1·00 | 1·00 | 0·99, 1·00 | 1·00 | 0·99, 1·01 | 1·00 | 0·99, 1·01 | 0·99 | 0·98, 1·00 | 1·00 | 0·99, 1·01 | 1·00 | 0·99, 1·00 | 0·99 | 0·93, 1·01 |
| P value | P-value | P-value | P value | P value | P value | P value | P value | |||||||||
| Hosmer–Lemeshow Goodness of Fit statistic | 0·0070 | <0·0001 | 0·5401 | <0·0001 | 0·0001 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | <0·0001 | ||||||||
AOR, adjusted OR; ref., reference category.
*
Significant AOR and 95 % CI denoted in bold.
†
Represents the effect of each additional soda consumed for US-born individuals.
‡
Represents the odds of being obese for foreign-born individuals, relative to US-born individuals and soda consumption of zero times per week.