Table 2.
Correlation matrix of key study variables.
| Data on Variable Collected at Baseline | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | |
| 1. CPs (baseline) | 1.00 | −.14 | .38 | .43 | .30 | .39 | .43 | .24 | ||||||||||
| 2. Alternative Reinforcers (Wave 2) | −.19 | 1.00 | −.14 | −.19 | −.12 | −.15 | −.24 | −.13 | .01 | −.02 | .14 | −.05 | −.01 | −.11 | .00 | −.03 | .09 | −.13 |
| 3. Past 6-mo Alcohol Use (Wave 3) | .25 | −.07 | 1.00 | .47 | .31 | .63 | .38 | .22 | .07 | .18 | −.13 | .19 | .02 | .16 | .14 | .15 | −.11 | .11 |
| 4. Past 6-mo Marijuana (Wave 3) | .30 | −.13 | .47 | 1.00 | .39 | .45 | .68 | .27 | .01 | .25 | −.14 | .15 | −.03 | .12 | .08 | .11 | −.11 | .09 |
| 5. Past 6-mo Cigarette Use (Wave 3) | .21 | −.09 | .31 | .37 | 1.00 | .35 | .36 | .58 | .02 | .28 | −.05 | .12 | .00 | .13 | .07 | .11 | −.06 | .05 |
| 6. Past 30-day Alcohol Use (Wave 3) | .23 | −.08 | .62 | .40 | .33 | 1.00 | .53 | .43 | −.01 | .15 | −.10 | .16 | .00 | .16 | .09 | .12 | −.10 | .08 |
| 7. Past 30-day Marijuana (Wave 3) | .28 | −.17 | .33 | .63 | .36 | .47 | 1.00 | .37 | −.01 | .15 | −.11 | .12 | −.02 | .09 | .05 | .06 | −.11 | .08 |
| 8. Past 30-day Cigarette Use (Wave 3) | .15 | −.04 | .21 | .28 | .56 | .45 | .43 | 1.00 | −.01 | .17 | −.05 | .13 | −.01 | .14 | .07 | .13 | −.06 | .07 |
| 9. Sex | −.02 | −.01 | .08 | .02 | .03 | .04 | .04 | .06 | 1.00 | |||||||||
| 10. Ethnicity | .14 | .12 | .10 | .14 | .06 | .08 | .07 | .05 | .34 | 1.00 | ||||||||
| 11. Parental Education | −.15 | .13 | −.07 | −.05 | −.05 | −.04 | −.02 | −.02 | −.01 | .01 | 1.00 | |||||||
| 12. Peer Substance Use | .00 | −.00 | .15 | .15 | .10 | .12 | .09 | .06 | .00 | .01 | −.03 | 1.00 | ||||||
| 13. Impulsivity | .33 | −.00 | .03 | .01 | .00 | .01 | .02 | .04 | .44 | .25 | .11 | .00 | 1.00 | |||||
| 14. MDD | .28 | −.13 | .12 | .14 | .11 | .07 | .07 | .09 | .00 | .00 | −.01 | .44 | −.01 | 1.00 | ||||
| 15. GAD | .21 | −.06 | .13 | .12 | .07 | .08 | .05 | .06 | −.02 | −.02 | −.03 | .40 | −.01 | .61 | 1.00 | |||
| 16. PD | .23 | −.08 | 10 | .11 | .10 | .07 | .06 | .07 | .01 | .00 | −.03 | .42 | −.02 | .63 | .52 | 1.00 | ||
| 17. Living Situation | −.12 | .07 | −.08 | −.10 | −.07 | −.08 | −.10 | −.07 | .05 | .03 | .07 | −.00 | −.08 | −.08 | −.04 | −.05 | 1.00 | |
| 18. School-level Free Lunch | .11 | −.10 | .01 | .05 | .01 | .01 | .03 | −.01 | −.01 | .01 | −.40 | −.03 | −.00 | .02 | .01 | .03 | −.08 | 1.00 |
Note. CPs = Conduct Problems. Wave 2 refers to 12-month follow-up. Wave 3 refers to 24-month follow-up. All correlations reported above the diagonal use baseline data that were used as covariates. Shaded cells note correlations that were not statistically significant at p < .05. All coefficients are Pearson correlations except the following: The association between binary variables (e.g. Sex and Past 6-month drug use) were calculated using the Phi Coefficient; The association between Ethnicity and substance use variables were calculated using Cramer’s V. The association between ethnicity and CPs as well as ethnicity and alternative reinforcers was tested using an ANOVA and the square-root of R-squared was taken and reported in the table. Ethnicity was coded as a nominal variable. Empty cells signify duplicate correlations from those below the diagonal. MDD = Major Depressive Disorder; GAD = Generalized Anxiety Disorder; PD = Panic Disorder.