Table 1.

Characteristics of Adults with SLE with MAS compared to those without MAS

	MAS Cases (n = 23)	Non-MAS Controls (n = 92)	p value*
Median age at SLE diagnosis, years, (IQR)†	29.0 (18.6–47.9)	30.5 (22.5–44.2)	0.60
Median age at hospital admission, years, (IQR)†	43.0 (26.2–53.8)	38.3 (28.1– 52.6)	0.80
Female, %	78.3	83.7	0.55
Median income, dollars (IQR)†,‡	59,770 (48,350–78,133)	64,796 (48,350–85,833)	0.43
Race/Ethnicity
Black (%)	47.8	32.6	0.22
White (%)	30.4	41.3	0.47
Hispanic/Latino (%)	4.4	6.5	1.00
Asian (%)	13.0	7.6	0.42
Other (%)	4.4	8.7	0.69
Days between SLE diagnosis and hospitalization, (IQR)‡	1,971 (90–4,546)	1,732 (134–4,579)	0.84
Median length of stay, days (IQR)	16 (9–33)	3 (1–6)	<0.0001
SLEDAI	30 (17–41)	19 (12–29)	0.004
Number of ACR criteria (SD)†	5.8 (2.4)	5.5 (2.0)	0.62
ACR criteria at hospitalization, (%)
Malar rash	56.5	48.9	0.64
Discoid lesions	21.7	18.5	0.77
Photosensitivity	30.4	31.5	1.00
Oral ulcers	26.1	22.8	0.79
Arthritis	52.2	80.4	0.01
Serositis	34.8	44.6	0.48
Renal involvement	73.9	56.5	0.16
CNS involvement	26.1	20.7	0.58
Hematologic disorders	91.3	67.4	0.02
Immunologic disorders	73.9	68.5	0.80
Antinuclear antibody	91.3	94.6	0.63
Medications on Admission
All immunosuppressants (except prednisone and hydroxychloroquine)	17.4	21.7	0.63
Hydroxychloroquine	26.1	59.8	0.005
Prednisone	52.3	43.5	0.49
Azathioprine or 6-MP	4.4	5.4	1.00
Rituximab	0	1.1	1.00
Cyclophosphamide	0	3.3	1.00
Mycophenolate mofetil	4.4	9.8	0.68
Methotrexate	4.4	2.2	0.49
Anakinra	4.4	0	0.20
Cyclosporine	0	2.2	1.00

^*T-test and Mann-Whitney used for continuous and Fisher’s exact test for categorical data comparisons.

^†SD = standard deviation

^‡IQR= interquartile range

No patients were receiving IVIG or tacrolimus upon admission, although some received these for treatment.