Table 2.
Risk Factors of Infections in Patients With Decompensated Chronic Liver Disease.
| Infection present (n = 60) | No infection (n = 45) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (months) | 78 (3–180) | 87 (7–204) | 0.92 (0.67–1.22) | 0.24 |
| Known CLDa | 24 (40%) | 13 (29%) | 1.64 (0.71–3.74) | 0.87 |
| h/o prior decompensationb | 19 (31.7%) | 11 (24.4%) | 1.43 (0.59–3.42) | 0.41 |
| On SBP prophylaxis | 7 (11.7%) | 2 (4.4%) | 2.83 (0.56–14.38) | 0.48 |
| On Immuno-suppressive medicationsc | 8 (13.3%) | 4 (8.9%) | 1.57 (0.44–5.60) | 0.28 |
| Gastrointestinal bleeding | 10 (16.7%) | 6 (13.3%) | 1.30 (0.43–3.88) | 0.59 |
| Ascites | 57 (95%) | 42 (93.3%) | 1.35 (0.26–7.06) | 1.0 |
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 29 (48.3%) | 15 (33.3%) | 1.87 (0.84–4.16) | 0.16 |
| Invasive procedure | 27 (45%) | 15 (34%) | 1.63 (0.73–3.64) | 0.57 |
| Serum bilirubin (0.2–1 mg/dL) | 10.1 (0.5–33.5) | 5.6 (0.4–45.5) | 1.98 (0.32–6.77) | 0.39 |
| Serum albumin (3.5–5.5 g/dL) | 2.4 (0.9–5.7) | 2.9 (1.6–4.1) | 0.64 (0.21–0.88) | 0.001 |
| INR (0.9–1.2) | 2.2 (0.98–10) | 1.7 (1–9.2) | 1.44 (1.10–2.08) | 0.01 |
| Child–Pugh score | 10 (6–14) | 7 (6–14) | 3.2 (1.77–5.10) | 0.007 |
Continuous variables are shown as median (range); CI: Confidence Interval.
a
Known CLD: Patients who were diagnosed cases of chronic liver disease on follow-up and presented with decompensation.
b
h/o prior decompensation in the form of hepatic encephalopathy, gastrointestinal bleeding or ascites, from which the patient had recovered.
c
Autoimmune liver disease on therapy (n = 10), Langerhans cell histiocytosis (n = 1), Budd-Chiari Syndrome patient received prednisolone (2 mg/kg for 4 weeks) for unrelated cause; SBP-spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.