Table 4.

SLC26 family of anion transporters.

SLC26	Expression	Function	Human disease	KO mouse	Pharmacology	References
SLC26A1 (SAT1)	Kidney, GI tract, liver, lung	${\text{SO}}_4^{2-}$/Ox2− exchanger, ${\text{SO}}_4^{2-}$/${\text{HCO}}_3^{-}$ exchanger		Oxalate urolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, urinary sulfate wasting, hepatotoxicity		Xie et al., 2002; Soleimani and Xu, 2006; Soleimani, 2013
SLC26A2 (DTDST)	Kidney, GI tract, chondrocytes	Cl−/${\text{SO}}_4^{2-}$ transporter, ${\text{SO}}_4^{2-}$/Ox2− exchanger	Diastrophic dysplasia	Diastrophic dysplasia		Hästbacka et al., 1994; Soleimani and Xu, 2006 Soleimani, 2013
SLC26A3 (DRA)	GI tract, epididymis, enterocytes	Cl−/${\text{HCO}}_3^{-}$ exchanger	Congenital chloride diarrhea	Congenital chloride diarrhea		Höglund et al., 1996; Soleimani, 2013
SLC26A4 (pendrin)	Kidney, inner ear, thyrocytes, lung	Cl−/${\text{HCO}}_3^{-}$ exchanger	Pendred syndrome	Deafness, enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct		Reardon and Trembath, 1996; Everett et al., 1997; Kopp, 2000; Soleimani, 2013
SLC26A5 (prestin)	Cochlear hair cells	Cl−/${\text{HCO}}_3^{-}$ exchanger	Deafness	Deafness		Liberman et al., 2002; Liu et al., 2003; Cheatham et al., 2004; Alper and Sharma, 2013
SLC26A6 (PAT1)	GI tract, kidney, cardiac myocytes	Cl−/${\text{HCO}}_3^{-}$ exchanger, Cl−/Ox2− exchanger, Cl−/formate exchanger	?			Soleimani, 2001; Mount and Romero, 2004; Alper et al., 2006; Aronson, 2006
SLC26A7	Brain, kidney, GI tract, lung	Cl−/${\text{HCO}}_3^{-}$ exchanger, Cl− channel	?	Locomotor impairment, gastric hypochlorhydria, distal renal tubular acidosis	Inhibitor: DIDS	Kim et al., 2005; Xu et al., 2006; Soleimani, 2013; Rahmati, 2015
SLC26A8	Male germ cells, kidney	Cl−/Ox2− exchanger, Cl−/${\text{SO}}_4^{2-}$ exchanger	?	Male infertility		Touré et al., 2001; Lohi et al., 2002; Soleimani and Xu, 2006
SLC26A9	Stomach, lung, lower levels in kidney	Cl−/${\text{HCO}}_3^{-}$ exchanger, Cl− channel, Na+/Cl− cotransporter	?	Hypertension		Xu et al., 2005; Amlal et al., 2013; Soleimani, 2013
SLC26A11 (KBAT)	Brain, kidney, GI tract	Cl− channel, Cl−/${\text{HCO}}_3^{-}$ exchanger, volume control, pH regulation	?	Locomotor impairment	Inhibitor: GlyH-101, CFTRinh, DIDS (partial inhibition)	Vincourt et al., 2003; Rahmati et al., 2013, 2016; Rungta et al., 2015