Fig. 3.
Effects of reduced PtBGS expression on photosynthetic properties. (A) Xanthophyll cycle pigments (Dd and Dt), normalized to chlorophyll a (Chla). (B) De-epoxidation state (DES) of the xanthophyll cycle pigment pool, calculated as Dt/(Dd+Dt). (C) Maximum PSII quantum yield and NPQ capacity. (D) Oxygen evolution rates at different light intensities. Errors bars represent SEMs. To avoid the variant light exposure of cells caused by different culture densities, all of the cell lines were harvested at the same culture density (around 3 × 106 cells per milliliter). Significance was determined by two-sided Student’s t tests. P values of significance are indicated (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01).