Table 1.

Molecular form composition and frequencies of target-site resistance mutations in field-caught An. gambiae s.l. populations collected in Bioko

Population	Genotypes			Target-site allele frequency, %*
	No. of specimens	Molecular form, %		No. of specimens	1014F/F	1014F/L	10114L/L
		M/M	S/S
Malabo 2004†	—	36	64	4,500	14	41	45
Malabo 2011	75	100	0	75	28.5	57.14	14.3
Malabo hospital 2015	16	100	0	16	100	0	0
Malabo industrial 2015	16	100	0	16	100	0	0

M, An. coluzzii (M form); S, An. gambiae s.s. (S form).

^*Data from Hemingway et al., 2013 (23).

^†Mutations L1014S and N1575Y on the voltage-gated sodium channel, as well as mutation G119S on acetylcholinesterase, were absent in all alleles (n > 200) genotyped in both 2011 and 2015. F/F, individuals homozygous for mutation L1014F on the voltage-gated sodium channel; F/L, heterozygotes; L/L, homozygous individuals for the WT (i.e., susceptible) allele.