TGF-β1 upregulates SNAIL expression in SVOG cells. SVOG cells were treated for 24 hours with vehicle control or different concentrations (1, 5, or 10 ng/mL) of TGF-β1, and the (A) mRNA and (B) protein levels were examined using RT-qPCR and western blot analysis, respectively. (C) SVOG cells were treated with 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 for 1, 3, 6, 12, or 24 hours, and SNAIL mRNA levels were examined using RT-qPCR. (D) SVOG cells were treated with 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 for 3, 6, or 12 hours, and SNAIL protein levels were examined using western blot analysis. SVOG cells were treated for 24 hours with vehicle control or different concentrations (1, 5, or 10 ng/mL) of TGF-β1, and the (E) mRNA and (F) protein levels were examined using RT-qPCR and western blot analysis, respectively. (G) SVOG cells were treated with 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 for 3, 6, or 12 hours, and SLUG protein levels were examined using western blot analysis. The results are expressed as the mean ± standard error of the mean of at least three independent experiments; lowercase letters indicate statistically significant differences (P < 0.05).