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. 2016 Sep 20;18(9):1695–1705. doi: 10.1093/pm/pnw219

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© 2016 American Academy of Pain Medicine.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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Mean change in pupil diameter over time. ADER-IMT = abuse-deterrent, extended-release injection-molded tablets; ER = extended-release; HV = high-volume; LV = low-volume; manip = manipulated.