Fig 4. Minimal sera volume for exosome detection and RNA extraction.

(A) Representative immunoblots for CD63 comparing exosome enrichment using ultracentrifugation (UC) and ExoQuick (EQ) among samples of varying volumes. (B) Scatter dot plots depict total exosomal RNA recovered per sample volume using EQ. (C) Scatter dot plots show RNA quality measured by OD₂₆₀/OD₂₈₀ per sample volume. Data are shown as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) from six independent patient samples. P-values were calculated using one-way ANOVA.