Table 1. Barley candidate reference genes and primer sequences.

Gene (Abbreviation)	GenBank Accession Number	Forward Primer	Reverse Primer	Amplicon Size (bp)a	PCR Efficiency (%)	R2
Actin (ACT)[14]	AY14545.1	GGCATGGAGTCTTCTGGAATCC	CCACCACTGAGCACTATGTTTC	115	102.63	1.00
ADP-ribosylation factor 1-like protein (ADP)[15]	AK365041.1	GCTCTCCAACAACATTGCCAAC	GAGACATCCAGCATCATTCATTCC	77	105.97	0.99
ATP Binding Protein (ABC)[16]	AK365041.1	ATCTGAGGTCTCGGTTCGGA	TCCTTCAGCTGACAACGGTC	116	99.28	1.00
Cyclophilin (CYP)[14]	AK248688.1	CCTGTCGTGTCGTCGGTCTAAA	ACGCAGATCCAGGAGCCTAAAG	122	98.44	1.00
Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH)[17]	X60343.1	GCCAGTTACTGTCTTTGGCGTC	GGCCTTGTCCTGTCAGTGAAG	108	93.40	1.00
Glycine Rich RNA Binding Protein (GRBP)[17]	Z48624.1	CGCCCAGTTATCCATCCATCTA	AAAAACACCACAGGACCGGAC	112	99.47	1.00
Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70)[17]	AK354795.1	GCTCAACATGGACCTCTTCAGG	CCGACAAGGACAACATCATGG	101	96.2	1.00
Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90)[17]	AY325266.1	CAAGAAGCTTGTCTCTGCCACC	ACAGCCCCTCGAACTTCTCCTT	100	94.50	1.00
Small Nucleolar RNA 14 (SnoR14)[15]	AK373867.1	GATGTTTATGTATGATAGTCTGTC	GTCGGGATGTATGCGTGTC	67	98.73	1.00
Small Nucleolar RNA 23 (SnoR23)[15]	AK373724.1	TCGGCAGTGGTGTCATC	CTCAGTGGAAAGAGAAGTCG	64	104.63	1.00
Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein (TCTP)[16]	AF230786.1	TTCCGTCTTCAGGAGCAACC	ATGCTCTCGCCCACAAAGAA	177	100.46	1.00
Tubulin Alpha-2 Chain (α-TUB)[15]	U40042.1	GTCCACCCACTCCCTCCTTG	CGGCGGCAGATGTCATAGATG	78	100.77	1.00
Ubiquitin (UBQ)[18]	AK249354.1	TCAAGGTGAAGACACTTACTGG	CATAGATGAGCCTCTGTTGAAC	128	96.71	1.00

^aAmplicons located in the coding region.