Table 1. Type I IFN–inducible blood transcriptional signature in human tuberculosis.

Original study	Geographic location	Sample type	Cohort size	● Type I IFN signature shown in original study			o Type I IFN signature reported in subsequent analysis
				Active disease	Correlated radiographical disease	Treatment response	Joosten et al., 2013	Blankley et al., 2016	Sambarey et al., 2017a	Singhania et al., 2017
Jacobsen et al., 2007	Germany	PBMCs	Active TB (n = 9); LTBI (n = 9)				o
Mistry et al., 2007	South Africa	Whole blood	Active, recurrent, or cured TB; LTBI (n = 10/group)				o
Berry et al., 2010a	UK	Whole blood (and sorted cells)	Active TB (n = 21); LTBI (n = 21); HCs (n = 12)	●	●	●	o	o	o	o
	South Africa	Whole blood	Active TB (n = 20); LTBI (n = 31)	●			o	o	o	o
Maertzdorf et al., 2011a	South Africa	Whole blood	Active TB (n = 46); LTBI (n = 25); HC (n = 37)	●			o		o
Maertzdorf et al., 2011b	The Gambia	Whole blood	Active TB (n = 33); LTBI (n = 34); HC (n = 9)	●			o
Bloom et al., 2012	South Africa	Whole blood	active TB (n = 33); LTBI (n = 34); HC (n = 9)	●		●		o	o
Maertzdorf et al., 2012	Germany	Whole blood	Active TB (n = 8); LTBI (n = 4); HC (n = 14)	●			o		o
Ottenhoff et al., 2012	Indonesia	PBMCs	Active TB over time during treatment (n = 23); HC (n = 23)	●		●	o		o
Cliff et al., 2013	South Africa	Whole blood	Active TB over time during treatment (n = 27)	●		●	o	o	o
Bloom et al., 2013	UK	Whole blood (and sorted cells)	Active TB (n = 35); HCs (n = 113)	●				o	o	o
Kaforou et al., 2013	South Africa, Malawi	Whole blood	Active TB (HIV−/+; n = 195); LTBI (HIV−/+; n = 167)					o		o
Cai et al., 2014	China	PBMCs	active TB (n = 9); LTBI (n = 6); HC (n = 6)					o
Anderson et al., 2014	Kenya	Whole blood	Active TB (n = 79); LTBI (n = 14)					o
	South Africa, Malawi		Active TB (n = 110); LTBI (n = 54)					o
Roe et al., 2016	UK	Whole blood	Active TB (n = 46); postrecovery (n = 31)	●		●
Zak et al., 2016	South Africa	Whole blood	Progressors (n = 40); nonprogressors (n = 104)	●						o
Sambarey et al., 2017b	India	Whole blood	Active TB (n = 19); LTBI (n = 13); HCs (n = 15)	●
Singhania et al., 2017	UK	Whole blood	Active TB (n = 53); LTBI (n = 49); HCs (n = 50)	●
Esmail et al., 2018	South Africa	Whole blood	Active TB (n = 15); subclinical TB (n = 10); latent TB (n = 25)	●

Type I IFN signature reported in original study (●) and/or in subsequent analysis by others (o). HC, healthy control; LTBI, latent tuberculosis infection; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell; TB, tuberculosis.

^aOriginal study providing the first data in human disease to support a role for type I IFN in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis.