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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 May 15.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropharmacology. 2017 Nov 8;134(Pt B):208–217. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.11.011

Fig. 1. Ischemic stroke elicits DNA damage in neurons.

Fig. 1

Cerebral ischemic stroke promotes robust ROS production, which can attack and damage DNA. There are four common types of DNA damage: 1) AP sites, 2) base modifications, such as 8-oxo-dG and 8-OHdG formation, 3) single-strand breaks, and 4) double-strand breaks. Each of these forms of DNA damage may contribute to neuronal cell death and impede stroke recovery. ROS, reactive oxygen species; AP site, apurinic/apyridinic abasic site.