Fig. 3.

Proof-of-principle experiment on in situ CDI with a materials science sample. a The magnitude of the complex exit waves reconstructed by in situ CDI, capturing the growth of Pb dendrites on Pt electrodes immersed in an aqueous solution of Pb(NO₃)₂ as a function of the applied voltage. Scale bar, 20 µm. b Ptychographic reconstructions of the same dynamic sample area. The overall structures agree well between the two methods. However, some fine features are resolved in in situ CDI, but blurred in the ptychographic reconstruction as indicated by a line-out (c) and a magnified view (d) of two areas. The blurring in ptychography is due to the continuous dendrite dissolution as the aperture scans over the field of view. Scale bar, 10 µm