Table 6.

Effect of yeast fermented cassava chip products (YEFECAP) as a protein source in concentrate mixtures for cow early lactation on milk production, milk composition and economic return.¹

Item	Treatments2				SEM	Contrasts
	T1	T2	T3	T4
Production, kg/d
Milk yield	13.5	14.0	14.5	15.0	0.27	**
3.5% FCM	13.7	14.7	15.9	17.1	0.49	**
Milk composition, %
Protein	4.0	4.1	4.5	4.7	0.17	**
Fat	3.2	3.3	3.4	3.5	0.06	**
Lactose	4.5	4.6	4.6	4.7	0.07	ns
Solids-not-fat	8.2	8.4	8.4	8.5	0.29	ns
Total solids	12.3	12.7	12.8	13.0	0.78	ns
Milk urea N, mg/dL	14.8	12.5	12.3	12.0	0.58	*
Economic return, $US/(cow·d)
Feed cost	2.5	2.6	2.6	2.7	0.14	ns
Milk sale	9.5	9.8	10.2	10.5	0.19	**
Profit	7.0	7.2	7.6	7.8	0.16	**

SEM = standard error of means; FCM = fat corrected milk.

*P < 0.05; ^∗∗P < 0.01; ns = non significant.

¹Source: Wanapat et al. (2011a).

²Replacement levels of soybean meal by YEFECAP at 0, 33, 67 and 100% in concentrates T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively.