Table 4.
Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval for the association between demographic characteristics and depressive symptoms
| Variables | Depressive symptoms | Univariate | Multivariate* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (n = 18) | Not present (n = 239) | OR (95% CI) | p value | AOR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Age | ||||||
| < 40 | 10 | 109 | 1.10 (0.48–2.48) | 0.797 | 0.85 (0.19–3.09) | 0.698 |
| > 40 | 8 | 130 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 7 | 135 | 1.02 (0.44–2.35) | 0.838 | 1.62 (0.41–5.66) | 0.529 |
| Not married | 11 | 104 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Akan | 2 | 130 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Ga/Adagme | 1 | 46 | 2.01 | 0.139 | 1.21 (0.28–6.27) | 0.706 |
| Ewe | 1 | 16 | 1.00 | |||
| Gonja | 4 | 47 | 12.5 (3.54–45.49) | < 0.001 | 8.46 (1.57–65.2) | 0.014 |
| Education | ||||||
| No formal education | 3 | 10 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| JHS/SHS | 6 | 109 | 0.89 (0.41–3.02) | 0.797 | 1.29 (0.35–4.81) | 0.122 |
| Certificate/diploma | 6 | 101 | 2.86 (1.13–20.28) | 0.121 | 1.31 (0.04–2.19) | 0.211 |
| Bachelors | 3 | 19 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Masters | 0 | 0 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Occupation | ||||||
| Employed | 12 | 223 | 8.21 (3.12–20.18) | < 0.001 | 4.72 (1.021–14.01) | 0.044 |
| Unemployed | 6 | 16 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, AOR Adjusted Odds Ratio
* Mutually adjusted