. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 May 9.

Published in final edited form as: Ethn Health. 2011 Nov 23;17(4):337–362. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2011.635374

Table 3.

Estimates from two-level linear growth models for BMI, male respondents (n=4036), National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79).

	Model 1^f b(SE)	Model 2^f,^g b(SE)	Model 3^f,^g b(SE)	Model 4^f,^g,^h b(SE)	Model 5^f,^g,^h b(SE)	Model 6^f,^g,^h b(SE)
Status at age 32 Intercept	26.417^* (0.107)	26.400^* (0.111)	26.387^* (0.109)	26.745^* (0.115)	26.784^* (0.117)	26.751^* (0.117)
Black^a	0.534^* (0.144)	0.415^* (0.160)	0.491^* (0.165)	0.541^* (0.159)	0.425^* (0.161)	0.375^* (0.169)
Hispanic^a	1.702^* (0.200)	1.354^* (0.216)	1.393^* (0.243)	1.626^* (0.202)	1.593^* (0.203)	1.361^* (0.247)
Mothers’ education^b		−0.099^* (0.022)	−0.148^* (0.035)			−0.101^* (0.036)
Mothers’ education×Black			0.118^* (0.057)			0.055 (0.058)
Mothers’ education×Hispanic			0.054 (0.049)			0.031 (0.050)
Respondents’ education^b				−0.102^* (0.014)	−0.135^* (0.019)	−0.124^* (0.020)
Respondents’ education×Black					0.163^* (0.035)	0.175^* (0.036)
Respondents’ education×Hispanic					−0.021 (0.037)	−0.011 (0.039)
Rate of change^c
Age	0.210^* (0.005)	0.210^* (0.005)	0.210^* (0.005)	0.207^* (0.005)	0.213^* (0.005)	0.213^* (0.005)
Age²	−0.0047^* (0.0003)	−0.0047^* (0.0003)	−0.0047^* (0.0003)	−0.0041^* (0.0003)	−0.0045^* (0.0004)	−0.0045^* (0.0004)
Age×Black	0.052^* (0.006)	0.050^* (0.006)	0.050^* (0.007)	0.054^* (0.006)	0.043^* (0.007)	0.039^* (0.007)
Age²×Black	−0.0016^* (0.0005)	−0.0013^* (0.0005)	−0.0011^* (0.0005)	−0.0015^* (0.0005)	−0.0017^* (0.0005)	−0.0012^* (0.0005)
Age×Hispanic	0.037^* (0.007)	0.027^* (0.008)	0.023^* (0.010)	0.037^* (0.007)	0.031^* (0.008)	0.015 (0.010)
Age²×Hispanic	−0.0030^* (0.0005)	−0.0017^* (0.0006)	−0.0019^* (0.0007)	−0.0025^* (0.0005)	−0.0028^* (0.0006)	−0.0024^* (0.0008)
Age×Mothers’ education		−0.002^* (0.001)	−0.001 (0.002)			0.001 (0.002)
Age²×Mothers’ education		0.0003^* (0.0001)	0.0002 (0.0001)			0.0000 (0.0001)
Age×Mothers’ education×Black			−0.000 (0.003)			−0.005^* (0.003)
Age²×Mothers’ education×Black			0.0003 (0.0002)			0.0005^* (0.0002)
Age×Mothers’ education×Hispanic			−0.002 (0.002)			−0.005^* (0.002)
Age²×Mothers’ education×Hispanic			0.0001 (0.0002)			−0.0001 (0.0002)
Age×Respondents’ education				−0.003^* (0.001)	−0.007^* (0.001)	−0.007^* (0.001)
Age²×Respondents’ education				0.0005^* (0.0001)	0.0005^* (0.0001)	0.0005^* (0.0001)
Age×Respondents’ education×Black					0.013^* (0.002)	0.013^* (0.002)
Age²×Respondents’ education×Black					−0.0006^* (0.0002)	−0.0007^* (0.0002)
Age×Respondents’ education×Hispanic					0.006^* (0.002)	0.008^* (0.003)
Age²×respondents’ education×Hispanic					0.0003 (0.0002)	0.0003 (0.0002)
Random effects^d
u_0i	3.852	3.839	3.836	3.832	3.820	3.816
u_1i	0.148	0.148	0.148	0.148	0.147	0.147
u_2i	0.010	0.010	0.010	0.010	0.010	0.010
Goodness of fit
_Δ−2 log likelihood^e	−4815.7^*	−49.6^*	−8.2	−303.7^*	−59.5^*	−339.8^, −34.4^

p<0.05 two-tailed test.

Reference group is White.

Mother’s and respondent’s education are continuous and centered at 12.

Age is centered at 32.

Unconditional model variance estimates: u_0i =3.968, u_1i=0.273, u_2i=0.011.

Change in the −2LL contrasts Model 1 to the unconditional model (not shown); Model 2 to Model 1; and Model 3 to Model 2; Model 4 to Model 1; Model 5 to Model 4; Model 6 to Model 3 (top estimate); and Model 6 to Model 5 (bottom estimate).

Adjusting for nativity of respondent and respondents’ mother and father; birth cohort; birth cohort×age; birth cohort×age-squared; mortality; mortality×age; and mortality×age-squared.

Adjusting for community at age 14, family structure at age 14, and area of residence at age 14.

Adjusting for time-varying measures of occupational status, community, and marital status.