Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics at the time of cardiac transplantation.
| Non-Failing (5 patients) | HF Non-LVAD (9 patients) | HF+LVAD (15 patients) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical Data | ||||
| Age (years) | 48 ± 23 | 46 ± 14 | 46 ± 13 | 0.980 |
| Female gender | 3 (60%) | 3 (33%) | 5 (33%) | 0.535 |
| Duration of LVAD support (days) | – | – | 213 ± 209 | – |
| Ischemic cardiomyopathy | – | 1 (11%) | 5 (33%) | 0.351 |
| Nonischemic cardiomyopathy | – | 8 (89%) | 10 (67%) | 0.351 |
| Prior sternotomy | – | 4 (44%)* | 15 (100%)* | 0.003 |
| Ejection Fraction (%) | 67 ± 13† | 27 ± 15† | 27 ± 9† | 0.021 |
| Left ventricular internal dimension diastole (cm) | – | 6.5 ± 1.5* | 5.5 ± 1.5* | 0.029 |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (mL) | – | 208 ± 122* | 152 ± 144* | 0.042 |
| Brain natriuretic peptide (pg/mL) | NA | 639 ± 533* | 265 ± 206* | 0.022 |
| Hemodynamics | ||||
| Heart rate (beats/minute) | 92 ± 9 | 90 ± 15 | 92 ± 18 | 0.862 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 118 ± 15 | 112 ± 8 | NA | 0.494 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 63 ± 10 | 70 ± 9 | NA | 0.177 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 81 ± 8 | 84 ± 8 | 81 ± 11 | 0.644 |
| Right atrial pressure (mmHg) | 7 ± 3 | 6 ± 3 | 8 ± 5 | 0.932 |
| Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mmHg) | 27 ± 8 | 28 ± 7 | 22 ± 7 | 0.110 |
| Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (mmHg) | 15 ± 2 | 17 ± 6* | 11 ± 7* | 0.037 |
| Cardiac index (L/minute/m2) | 4.4 ± 0.8† | 2.7 ± 1.4† | 2.4 ± 0.4† | 0.009 |
| Medications and Interventions before transplant (during LVAD support if applicable)ǂ | ||||
| Aspirin | 0 (0%) | 1 (11%) | 14 (93%) | 0.001 |
| HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor | 1 (20%) | 3 (33%) | 6 (40%) | 0.715 |
| ACE inhibitor or ARB | 0 (0%) | 1 (11%) | 6 (40%) | 0.191 |
| β-blocker | 0 (0%) | 2 (22%) | 9 (60%) | 0.105 |
| Aldosterone antagonist | 0 (0%) | 8 (89%) | 11 (73%) | 0.615 |
| Hydralazine/nitrates | 0 (0%) | 5 (56%) | 0 (0%) | 0.003 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (20%) | 0.266 |
| Diuretic | 0 (0%) | 8 (89%) | 7 (47%) | 0.080 |
| Digoxin | 0 (0%) | 5 (56%) | 0 (0%) | 0.003 |
| Intravenous inotrope | 0 (0%) | 4 (44%) | 1 (7%) | 0.047 |
| Intravenous vasodilator | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Intravenous vasopressor | 1 (20%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | – |
| Intra-aortic balloon pump | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | – |
*
P<0.05 for comparison of HF Non-LVAD vs. HF+LVAD
†
P<0.05 for comparison of Non-Failing vs. HF Non-LVAD and P<0.05 for comparison of Non-Failing vs. HF+LVAD
‡
P values denote comparisons of HF Non-LVAD vs. HF+LVAD