Table 3.
Comparison of the characteristics of the patients regarding in-hospital mortality
| Characteristics | In-Hospital Death | p* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n =56) | No (n = 204) | ||
| Age (years) | 65.7 ± 12.6 | 66.2 ± 12.8 | 0.817 |
| Male sex - n (%) | 33 (58.9) | 108 (52.9) | 0.426 |
| HF etiology - n (%) | |||
| Chagasic | 11 (19.6) | 35 (17.2) | 0.666 |
| Ischemic | 21 (37.5) | 76 (37.3) | 0.973 |
| Comorbidities - n (%) | |||
| Renal failure | 43 (76.8) | 99 (48.5) | < 0.001 |
| COPD | 7 (12.5) | 27 (13.2) | 0.885 |
| Hypothyroidism | 11 (19.6) | 36 (17.6) | 0.731 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 18 (32.1) | 77 (37.7) | 0.441 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 28 (50.0) | 91 (44.6) | 0.473 |
| Urinary infection | 10 (17.9) | 29 (14.2) | 0.499 |
| Pneumonia | 24 (42.9) | 64 (31.4) | 0.108 |
| Infection (any site) | 32 (57.1) | 87 (42.6) | 0.054 |
| Vital signs | |||
| SBP (mm Hg) | 91 (80-110) | 100 (84-120) | 0.109 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 60 (58.5-77) | 61.5 (55.25-80) | 0.701 |
| HR (bpm) | 79 (62-98) | 80 (70-97.75) | 0.493 |
| Echocardiogram | |||
| LVDD (mm) | 64.6 ± 9.4 | 61.4 ± 10.6 | 0.043 |
| LVSD (mm) | 53.88 ±10.95 | 49.93 ± 13.12 | 0.050 |
| LA (mm) | 48.7 ± 8.0 | 48.4 ± 7.0 | 0.746 |
| LVEF (%) | 28 (24.25-35) | 32 (25-47) | 0.019 |
| PAP (mm Hg) | 55.7 ± 16.4 | 50.1 ± 15.2 | 0.035 |
| Hemodynamic profile - admission - n (%) | |||
| Profile B | 23 (41.1) | 108 (52.9) | 0.116 |
| Profile C | 30 (53.6) | 81 (39.7) | 0.063 |
| Profile L | 3 (5.4) | 15 (7.4) | 0.771 |
| Laboratory tests | |||
| Hemoglobin | 12.3 ± 2.1 | 13.3 ± 2.2 | 0.004 |
| Urea (mg/dL) | 83 (55-114) | 74.5 (51-107) | 0.391 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.66 (1.09-2) | 1.55 (1.23-2.06) | 0.680 |
| Sodium | 137 (133-140) | 138 (135-140) | 0.598 |
| Potassium | 4.3 (4-5) | 4.3 (4-4.8) | 0.583 |
| C-reactive protein | 19.44 (8.82-50.2) | 18 (7.39-54) | 0.766 |
| CKMB mass | 1.94 (1.24-3.64) | 2.03 (1.41-3.58) | 0.950 |
| Troponin I | 0.05 (0.02-0.12) | 0.05 (0.02-0.10) | 0.951 |
| BNP | 1283 (853-2095) | 969 (422.5-1951.5) | 0.101 |
| Total cholesterol | 134.9 ± 44.7 | 145.8 ± 46.0 | 0.308 |
| HDL | 30.5 ± 14.9 | 38.3 ± 15.0 | 0.015 |
| LDL | 82.4 ± 36.1 | 86.6 ± 36.3 | 0.504 |
| Vasoactive drugs on admission - n (%) | |||
| Dobutamine | 48 (85.7) | 111 (54.4) | < 0.001 |
| Levosimendan | 2 (3.6) | 16 (7.8) | 0.378 |
| Milrinone | 5 (8.9) | 4 (2.0) | 0.024 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables with normal distribution, or median (interquartile range 25% - 75%) for continuous variables with non-normal distribution. Categorical variables are presented as absolute numbers (percentage). P*: To calculate P value, Student t test was used for the variables with normal distribution, Mann-Whitney U test for the variables with non-normal distribution. P value was estimated by use of the chi-square test or Fisher exact test for the categorical variables. COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HR: heart rate; LVDD: left ventricular diastolic diameter; LVSD: left ventricular systolic diameter; LA: left atrium; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; PAP: pulmonary artery pressure.