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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 May 9.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 May 8;71(18):2041–2057. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.03.019

TABLE 4.

Key Areas With Knowledge Gaps in the Management of Arrhythmias in the Elderly

Atrial Fibrillation
The difference between rate and rhythm control strategies on quality of life and functional status.
The risks and benefits of AF ablation with respect to short- and long-term outcomes, including quality of life.
The impact of AV node ablation with pacemaker implantation outcomes, including quality of life.
Ventricular Arrhythmias
Better noninvasive risk stratification to predict sudden cardiac death.
Risks and benefits of catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias.
Device-Based Therapy
The impact of ICD implantation for primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death on outcomes, including procedural complications, quality-adjusted life-years gained, and health care costs.
Decision making at the time of generator replacement for battery end-of-life.

Adapted from Rich et al. (109).

AF = atrial fibrillation; AV = atrioventricular; ICD = implantable cardioverter-defibrillator.