Table 1.

Service mapping—examples of services* described by study sites†

Domain	Specialist services—specifically for pregnant teenagers or younger parents	Locally available services¶—with a specialist nature and eligibility criteria, but not necessarily designed for teenage parents
Education	Schools/colleges with provision for teenage mums. Teenage pregnancy support services. Accredited courses with free child care for under 25 s.	Home learning programmes.
Housing	Teenage parents’ scheme: training in independent living skills. Supported housing: young vulnerable women or teenage parents.	Outreach support service aimed at young homeless people under 18. Mother and baby hostel.
Health visiting		Antenatal contact at home or in midwife-led antenatal clinics. Minor ailments sessions run by health visitors.
Midwifery	Teenage pregnancy midwives. Antenatal clinics run by midwives in schools.	Midwives based in Children’s centres.
Social services	Teenage pregnancy support service.	Targeted youth support for vulnerable young people. Specialist therapeutic unit for young victims of sexual abuse. Family resource service; practical support to access universal services.
Connexions services‡	Teenage pregnancy advisors help young mums to be and young families.	Provide information and guidance to looked after young people. Provide support and guidance for young people leaving care. Provide practical help and advice for young mums who want to go back to college.
Drugs, alcohol and smoking		Specialist drugs and alcohol services working with police. Community-based young people’s drugs and alcohol service. Smoking in pregnancy cessation service.
Sexual health	Lifestyle services working with teenage parents to prevent second pregnancy.	Family planning services for under 25 year olds in community settings. Sexual health services for teenagers. Condom distribution scheme in community settings.
Mental health services		Specialist Children’s and Adolescent Mental Health Services for eating disorders. Mother-and-baby units in hospitals and prisons. Specialist psychiatric unit for postnatal mental illness.
Complex needs services	Support and advocacy for (pregnant) teenagers with complex needs.	Child development centre for preschool children with complex needs. Sure start language therapy team. Vulnerable baby service: targeted safeguarding prevention.
Childcare provision		Private, voluntary, independent childcare providers. Internet database on county-wide childcare provision.
Local/third sector projects	Charity-funded teen parents projects. Peer support sessions for teenage fathers to be.	Barnardo’s Priory Family Centre. Charity-funded young parents projects. Home Start: trained volunteers visit mums for approximately 15 months.

*Set information provided by local informants for each reported service included: name of service, narrative description, limits on availability (eg, upper limit on number of women offered service, location (eg, base), level of service provision per client (eg, frequency, duration, quantity), illustrative current caseload, delivery setting, client eligibility criteria, service provider (eg, local authority), assessment of local service variations compared with other locations.

†Data collection timing: Round 1: Data collection was requested over a 6-week period from August 2009 to coincide with early stages of trial recruitment; Round 2: The survey link was sent to local FNP supervisors for completion in July 2011.

‡A government-funded advisory and support service for young people aged 13–19 years, now discontinued.

§A tiered system of local government throughout England has responsibility for services including education, housing and social services. For example, across England there are 152 separate Local Education Authorities, each of which has responsibility for providing child education in their area. The responsibility for the provision of social services and housing will rest with either one of the 152 principal authorities or, particularly in large urban areas, devolved to 1 of 326 lower tier authorities. Until April 2013 (ie, within the time frame for the Building Blocks trial), 10 strategic health authorities existed across England, with healthcare provided through local NHS Primary Care and Hospital Trusts. Subsequent to the trial period and from 1 October 2015 the responsibility for commissioning public health services for children aged 0–5 transferred from NHS England to local authorities.

¶Locally available services would exclude universally available services, which may be provided across all sites (whether provided specifically for women of a certain age or all women). Hence, routine midwifery care (eg) would not be reported here.

NHS, National Health Service.