Table 3.
Logistic Regression Models to Predict Worse NYHA Functional Class.
| Regression Models | Serum Measures |
Salivary Measures |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | p Value | Exp (β) | 95% CI | β | p Value | Exp (β) | 95% CI | |
| CRP | ||||||||
| PHQ-9 | 0.096 | .209 | 1.100 | [0.948, 1.277 | 0.076 | .257 | 1.079 | [0.946, 1.229] |
| Smoking | –2.061 | .046* | 0.127 | [0.017, .960] | –1.676 | .084 | 0.187 | [0.028, 1.251] |
| BMI | 0.030 | .404 | 1.031 | [0.960, 1.107] | 0.051 | .157 | 1.052 | [0.981, 1.129] |
| Serum/salivarya CRP | 0.444 | .695 | 1.559 | [0.170, 14.322] | 0.193 | .756 | 1.213 | [0.359, 4.098] |
| Oral inflammation | 1.302 | .055 | 3.675 | [0.975, 13.852] | 1.417 | .024* | 4.123 | [1.207, 14.084] |
| IL-6 | ||||||||
| PHQ-9 | 0.029 | .705 | 1.029 | [0.886, 1.195] | 0.078 | .249 | 1.081 | [0.947, 1.235] |
| Smoking | –1.528 | .145 | 0.217 | [0.028, 1.696] | –1.651 | .077 | 0.192 | [0.031, 1.197] |
| BMI | 0.042 | .297 | 1.043 | [0.964, 1.129] | 0.049 | .167 | 1.051 | [0.980, 1.127] |
| Serum/salivarya IL-6 | 1.159 | .172 | 3.187 | [0.605, 16.790] | –3.931 | .498 | 0.020 | [0.000, 1,714.25] |
| Oral inflammation | 1.538 | .053 | 4.658 | [0.981, 22.119] | 1.385 | .027* | 3.993 | [1.169, 13.642] |
| IL-10 | ||||||||
| PHQ-9 | 0.050 | .494 | 1.051 | [0.912, 1.212] | 0.072 | .280 | 1.075 | [0.943, 1.225] |
| Smoking | –1.549 | .130 | 0.212 | [0.029, 1.581] | –1.816 | .054 | 0.163 | [0.026, 1.031] |
| BMI | 0.039 | .322 | 1.040 | [0.962, 1.124] | 0.051 | .154 | 1.052 | [0.981, 1.129] |
| Serum/salivarya IL-10 | 0.123 | .873 | 1.130 | [0.251, 5.083] | –0.426 | .483 | 0.653 | [0.199, 2.144] |
| Oral inflammation | 1.737 | .026* | 5.681 | [1.226, 26.319] | 1.468 | .021* | 4.342 | [1.243, 15.172] |
| BNP | ||||||||
| PHQ-9 | 0.046 | .482 | 1.047 | [0.921, 1.189] | 0.087 | .232 | 1.091 | [0.946, 1.257] |
| Smoking | –0.1771 | .057 | 0.170 | [0.027, 1.055] | –1.781 | .061 | 0.168 | [0.026, 1.086] |
| BMI | 0.048 | .185 | 1.049 | [0.977, 1.125] | 0.021 | .556 | 1.021 | [0.952, 1.096] |
| Serum/salivary BNP | –0.487 | .430 | 0.614 | [0.183, 2.059] | –6.371 | .341 | 0.002 | [0.000, 845.865] |
| Oral inflammation | 1.485 | .023* | 4.415 | [1.230, 15.852] | 1.456 | .030* | 4.288 | [1.155, 15.920] |
Note. BMI = body mass index; BNP = B-type natriuretic peptide; CRP = C-reactive protein; IL = interleukin; NYHA = New York Heart Association; PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire 9.
aSerum biomarker for the serum biomarker model and salivary biomarker for the salivary biomarker model.
*Significant independent predictor at p < .05.