Table 1.

Model Parameters for Changes in Smoking Status, Mortality, Quality of Life and Cost Obtained From Literature Review

Parameter	Parameter value	Source
Quit rate among current smokers (% per year)	4.3%	Ref. 18,23
Relapse rate among former smokers after 1 year of abstinence (% per year)		Ref. 19–22
Year 2 after initial quit	15%
Year 3–5 after initial quit	5%
Year 6–9 after initial quit	2%
Year ≥10 after initial quit	1%
Excess mortality relative to never smokers (relative hazard)		Ref. 24–27
Female current smokers age 24–54	1.369
Female current smokers age 55–74	2.533
Female current smokers age ≥75	1.411
Female former smokers age 24–54	1.214
Female former smokers age 55–74	1.666
Female former smokers age ≥75	1.111
Male current smokers age 24–54	2.486
Male current smokers age 55–74	2.550
Male current smokers age ≥75	1.326
Male former smokers age 24–54	1.074
Male former smokers age 55–74	1.992
Male former smokers age ≥75	1.074
All-cause mortality hazard in PTSD	2.1	Ref. 28,29
Quality of life (preference-based utilities)		Ref. 17
Female moderate smokers age 55–64	0.7648
Female moderate smokers age 65–74	0.7520
Female moderate smokers age ≥75	0.6778
Female former smokers age 55–64	0.7827
Female former smokers age 65–74	0.7709
Female former smokers age ≥75	0.6987
Male moderate smokers age 55–64	0.7815
Male moderate smokers age 65–74	0.7575
Male moderate smokers age ≥75	0.7112
Male former smokers age 55–64	0.8020
Male former smokers age 65–74	0.7802
Male former smokers age ≥75	0.7358
Health care charges incurred by smokers and former smokers relative to the general population (relative charges)
Smokers	1.1881
Recent quitters (<5 years)	1.2476
Long-term quitters (≥5 years)	0.9595	Ref. 30
Annual health care cost (US $2010)		Ref. 31
Female age 18–24	2235
Female age 25–44	3347
Female age 45–64	6229
Female age 65–90	9623
Male age 18–24	1072
Male age 25–44	2158
Male age 45–64	5217
Male age 65–90	10 249

PTSD = post-traumatic stress disorder.