Table 4.

PPVs for brain/CNS cancer for single symptoms in teenage–young adult patients in descending order of frequency among the patients with brain/CNS cancer

Study	Symptom(s)	Patient group, age in years	Frequency of symptom in patients with brain/CNS cancer	PPV% (95% CI)
Dommett et al . (2013) (18)	Headache	All included cases and controls aged 15–24	33/154 = 21.4%	0.015 (0.0077–0.0276)
	Seizure		18/154 = 11.7%	0.024 (0.0082–0.0695)
	Visual symptoms		13/154 = 8.4%	0.07 a
	Vomiting		11/154 = 7.1%	0.012 (0.0041–0.031)
	Pain		11/154 = 7.1%	0.0029 (0.0014–0.006)
	≥3 consultations		73/154 = 47.4%	0.0023 (0.0019–0.0029)

^a The authors did not report a PPV as no controls had this feature. For this review, one control had been re-assigned to having visual symptoms, allowing a broad estimation of the PPV.