Table 2.

Types of Individuals Trained and Treatment Modalities by Income Level

	All	High	UM	LM	Low	P a
N	104	55	30	11	8
Does your program offer training to?
Tobacco or addictions specialists
Tobacco treatment specialists	33%	35%	33%	27%	25%	.52
Addiction specialists	23%	22%	20%	18%	50%	.27
Healthcare workers
Physicians	50%	51%	57%	55%	13%	.21
Clinical officers/physician assistants b	28%	29%	23%	45%	13%	.78
Nurses	45%	45%	50%	45%	25%	.48
Psychologists	37%	38%	40%	18%	38%	.55
Pharmacists	32%	35%	37%	18%	13%	.17
Dentists	28%	25%	40%	18%	13%	.61
Respiratory therapists	17%	22%	17%	9%	0%	.09
Healthcare students
Medical students	34%	40%	27%	36%	13%	.14
Medical residents c	26%	25%	33%	27%	0%	.37
Clinical officer/physician assistant students b	11%	13%	3%	18%	13%	.99
Nursing students	18%	16%	20%	27%	13%	.76
Psychology students	11%	7%	10%	18%	25%	.09
Pharmacy students	12%	11%	10%	27%	0%	.94
Community members
Social workers/social assistants	19%	20%	17%	18%	25%	.92
Community health workers	17%	16%	17%	18%	25%	.61
Dieticians	11%	16%	7%	0%	0%	.04
Teachers	16%	16%	17%	9%	25%	.87
Community or religious leaders	10%	9%	3%	18%	25%	.19
Other	10%	7%	10%	0%	38%	.09

UM = upper middle; LM = lower middle. Categories were not mutually exclusive and respondents could select more than one option.

^a Based on Cochrane–Armitage trend test.

^b Mid-level clinicians.

^c Postgraduate medical trainees.