Table 2.
Meta-Analysis Outcomes for Medication Differences and Sex Interactions
| Men | Women | Interaction a | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Varenicline | Placebo | Varenicline | Placebo | ||||||||||
| k b | Total n | % Abst. e | Total n | % Abst. f | OR c,d (95% CI) | Total n | % Abst. e | Total n | % Abst. f | OR c,d (95% CI) | OR c,d (95% CI) | ||
| PP | Week 12 | 16 | 2377 | 53.26 | 1986 | 26.79 § | 3.42** (2.86, 4.14) | 1389 | 52.56 | 952 | 17.44 | 4.95** (3.86, 6.36) | 1.46* (1.06, 1.97) |
| Week 24 | 11 | 1806 | 41.25 | 1565 | 22.04 | 2.51** (2.14, 2.95) | 1027 | 37.00 | 734 | 15.80 | 2.95** (2.31, 3.77) | 1.17 (0.88, 1.57) | |
| Week 52 | 6 | 986 | 31.85 | 1035 | 17.87 | 2.16** (1.75, 2.66) | 663 | 29.11 | 568 | 14.61 | 2.34** (1.75, 3.13) | 1.08 (0.76, 1.55) | |
| CA | Weeks 9–12 | 14 | 2226 | 49.28 | 1899 | 22.27 | 3.53** (3.06, 4.10) | 1249 | 47.24 | 871 | 14.70 | 4.66** (3.71, 5.81) | 1.34* (1.01, 1.72) |
| Weeks 9–24 | 11 | 1972 | 35.34 | 1738 | 17.49 § | 2.59** (2.20, 3.06) | 1035 | 31.21 | 740 | 10.27 | 3.49** (2.64, 4.57) | 1.31* (0.97, 1.84) | |
| Weeks 9–52 | 6 | 849 | 26.86 | 1035 | 10.24 | 2.53** (2.05, 3.13) | 623 | 21.67 | 568 | 7.92 | 2.66** (1.93, 3.67) | 1.05 (0.72, 1.54) | |
Abst. = abstinent; CA = continuous abstinence; CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; PP = point prevalence.
a Interaction for treatment condition by sex.
b Number of studies included in meta-analysis.
c OR for varenicline vs. placebo.
d Statistical significance denotes heterogeneity in effect size between men and women.
e Comparisons of % abstinent of men vs. women within varenicline arm are all P > .05.
f Comparisons of % abstinent of men vs. women within placebo arm § < 0.05.
* P < .05; ** P < .001.