Fig. 2.
Comparison between normal voice production (dotted symbols in red) and voice production with glottal insufficiency (with a constant α = 4 °; symbols + in blue). Panels a-k show the four control parameters (initial glottal angle, vocal fold vertical thickness, shear modulus along the anterior-posterior direction, and subglottal pressure) and selected measures of voice production as a function of the mean glottal flow rate Qmean. Panel l shows the vocal intensity as a function of F0 or the vocal range profile. Inspiratory muscular pressure is −1.5 kPa, which provides an initial lung volume at 62% of the vital capacity. The ellipse in panels h and I indicates conditions with a falsetto-like phonation.