Table 1.

Some simple TPMS models constructed by trigonometric function.

TPMS	periodic trigonometric function
P	ϕ (r) = cos(X) + cos(Y) + cos(Z) = 0
D	ϕ (r) = cos(X) cos(Y) cos(Z) − sin(X) sin(Y) sin(Z) = 0
G	ϕ (r) = sin(X) cos(Y) + sin(Z) cos(X) + sin(Y) cos(Z) = 0