Table 3.
Factors associated with negative attitude toward early palliative care by self‐rated health status and attitude toward dying and death
| Factor | Variables | Patient | Caregivers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | Negative | P value | Positive | Negative | P value | ||
| Self‐rated health statusa | |||||||
| Self‐rated physical health | More than good | 285 (87.4) | 41 (12.6) | 0.078 | 756 (90.0) | 84 (10.0) | 0.214 |
| Not good | 561 (83.1) | 114 (16.9) | 144 (86.7) | 22 (13.2) | |||
| Self‐rated mental health | More than good | 493 (86.5) | 77 (13.5) | 0.048 | 692 (90.6) | 72 (9.4) | 0.042 |
| Not good | 353 (81.9) | 78 (18.1) | 208 (85.9) | 34 (14.1) | |||
| Self‐rated social health | More than good | 518 (85.6) | 87 (14.4) | 0.233 | 789 (90.2) | 86 (9.8) | 0.061 |
| Not good | 328 (82.8) | 68 (17.2) | 111 (84.7) | 20 (15.3) | |||
| Self‐rated spiritual health | More than good | 546 (85.3) | 94 (14.7) | 0.354 | 768 (90.2) | 83 (9.8) | 0.060 |
| Not good | 300 (83.1) | 61 (16.9) | 132 (85.2) | 23 (14.8) | |||
| Self‐rated general health | More than good | 485 (86.6) | 75 (13.4) | 0.040 | 787 (89.9) | 88 (10.1) | 0.202 |
| Not good | 361 (81.9) | 80 (18.1) | 113 (86.3) | 18 (13.7) | |||
| Attitude toward dying and deathb | |||||||
| Life ends with death | Positive | 644 (84.4) | 119 (15.6) | 0.861 | 672 (90.4) | 71 (9.6) | 0.090 |
| Negative | 202 (84.9) | 36 (15.1) | 228 (86.7) | 35 (13.3) | |||
| Death is painful and therefore to be feared | Positive | 495 (85.6) | 83 (14.4) | 0.251 | 531 (90.9) | 53 (9.1) | 0.077 |
| Negative | 351 (83.0) | 82 (17.0) | 369 (87.4) | 53 (12.6) | |||
| Life continues after death | Positive | 465 (86.1) | 75 (13.9) | 0.132 | 496 (90.4) | 53 (9.6) | 0.318 |
| Negative | 381 (82.6) | 80 (17.4) | 404 (88.4) | 53 (11.6) | |||
| Dying people should prepare to practice charity | Positive | 774 (85.9) | 127 (14.1) | <0.001 | 820 (89.4) | 97 (10.6) | 0.891 |
| Negative | 72 (72.0) | 28 (28.0) | 80 (89.9) | 9 (10.1) | |||
| People should be remembered | Positive | 776 (84.4) | 143 (15.6) | 0.824 | 825 (90.1) | 91 (9.9) | 0.050 |
| Negative | 70 (85.4) | 12 (14.6) | 75 (83.3) | 15 (16.7) | |||
P value was estimated by chi‐square test or Fisher's exact test, in some cases the cell value <5%.
a
Responses to self‐rated health status were dichotomized into two groups: excellent/very good/good (more than good) versus poor/very poor (not good).
b
For attitude toward dying and death, a “strongly agree” or “agree” response to a question was considered positive.