Figure 2.

The effects of ischemic preconditioning on pulmonary nuclear factor-κB activation and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression after small-for-size liver transplantation. Lungs were harvested 38 h after liver transplantation. Phospho-NF-κB p65 (pNF-κB), ICAM-1, and actin were measured by immunoblotting. Representative immunoblots are shown in (A). Densitometric quantification of pNF-κB and ICAM-1 immunoblots is shown in (B and C), respectively. Representative immunohistochemical staining for ICAM-1 is shown in (D). Sham, lungs from sham-operated rats; FSG, lungs from full-size graft recipients; QSG, lungs from quarter-size graft recipients; QSG + IP, lungs from ischemic-preconditioned quarter-size graft recipients. Values are means ± SEM. Group sizes were 4 per group. a, P<0.05 vs sham operation; b, P<0.05 vs FSG; c, P<0.05 vs QSG.