Table 2.
Entry | Catalyst Dogase (g) | Time (min) | Yield (%) b |
1 | — | 10 ± 0.5 (h) | 89.2 ± 2.4 |
2 | 0.05 | 58 ± 5 | 92.9 ± 3.1 |
3 | 0.10 | 33 ± 3 | 94.3 ± 2.8 |
4 | 0.15 | 15 ± 2 | 95.1 ± 2.6 |
5 | 0.20 | 12 ± 2 | 94.1 ± 3.2 |
6 | 0.25 | 10 ± 1 | 93.8 ± 2.9 |
7 | 0.30 | 9 ± 1 | 94.3 ± 2.1 |
8 c | 0.15 | 4 ± 0.2 (h) | 94.9 ± 2.6 |
9 d | 0.15 | 4 ± 0.2 (h) | 87.9 ± 2.7 |
10 e | — | 28 ± 1.5 (h) | 85.2 ± 2.8 |
a Reaction conditions: 5.0 mmol of benzaldehyde, 5.0 mmol of malononitrile, 20 mL of 95% EtOH, room temperature (25 °C); b Isolated yield; c SCB as the catalyst; d SCB-Cl as the catalyst; e Without solvent.