Table 2.
Characteristics of participants between groups with and without carotid plaque
| Characteristics | Plaque (+) (n = 49) | Plaque (−) (n = 262) | a p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 61.90 ± 10.11 | 45.69 ± 11.67 | < 0.001 |
| Male, n (%) | 25 (51.0) | 86 (32.8) | 0.015 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.67(21.10, 26.57) | 23.18 (20.90, 25.57) | 0.408 |
| WHR | 0.93 ± 0.10 | 0.87 ± 0.08 | < 0.001 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 16 (32.7%) | 51 (19.5%) | 0.039 |
| Drinking, n (%) | 13 (26.5%) | 68 (26.0%) | 0.933 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 4.92 (4.57, 5.34) | 4.81 (4.53, 5.15) | 0.224 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 130.00 (115.67, 153.50) | 111.33 (101.00, 125.25) | < 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 81.73 ± 10.74 | 74.90 ± 10.71 | < 0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.28 ± 1.14 | 4.68 ± 0.83 | < 0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.13 (0.82, 1.52) | 1.01 (0.79, 1.55) | 0.369 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.07 (2.52, 3.86) | 2.67 (2.23, 3.24) | 0.002 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.69 ± 0.40 | 1.58 ± 0.33 | 0.041 |
| Non-HDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.59 ± 1.14 | 3.10 ± 0.83 | 0.006 |
| TC/HDL-C | 3.17 (2.70, 3.86) | 2.90 (2.53, 3.41) | 0.065 |
| LDL-C/HDL-C | 1.97 (1.52, 2.43) | 1.77 (1.40, 2.16) | 0.059 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 18.00 (14.00, 23.00) | 19.00 (15.00, 30.25) | 0.173 |
| AST (IU/L) | 23.00 (19.50, 28.00) | 22.00 (18.00, 27.00) | 0.412 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 5.60 (4.88, 6.82) | 5.37 (4.30, 6.50) | 0.118 |
| Cr (umol/L) | 60.72 ± 17.56 | 54.45 ± 13.75 | 0.006 |
| IMT (mm) | 0.80 (0.70, 0.90) | 0.60 (0.60, 0.70) | < 0.001 |
aStudent’s t-test, Mann-Whitney U test or Chi-square test
BMI Body mass index, WHR Waist-hip ratio, FPG Fasting plasma glucose, SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, TC Total cholesterol, TG Triglyceride, LDL-C Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Non-HDL-C Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, ALT Alanine aminotransferase, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, BUN Blood urea nitrogen, Cr Creatinine, IMT Intima-media thickness