Table 2.
Antibiotic Activity, Anticancer Activity, and Protease Inhibition of Tyrobetaine and Chlorotyrobetainea
| organism/protease | tyrobetaine MICb or IC50c (μM) | chlorotyrobetaine MICb or IC50c (μM) | oxytetracycline MIC (μg/mL) | oxytetracycline + 32 μg/mL tyrobetaine MIC (μg/mL) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| E. faecalis ATTC 19433 | >100 | >100 | ND | ND |
| S. aureus ATCC 29213 | >100 | >100 | ND | ND |
| K. pneumoniae ATCC 27736 | >100 | >100 | ND | ND |
| A. baumannii ATCC 19606 | >100 | >100 | ND | ND |
| P. aeruginosa PAO1 | >100 | >100 | ND | ND |
| E. coli ATCC 25922 | >100 | >100 | 4 | 8 |
| A549 human lung cancer | >100 | >100 | ND | ND |
| ACE | >10 | ND | ND | ND |
| HIV-1 protease | >10 | ND | ND | ND |
a
ND = not determined. ACE = angiotensin converting enzyme.
b
Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for bacteria determined based on CLSI
guidelines.
c
50% inhibitory concentration (IC50)