Table 1. Age, gender, and clinical variables for survivors of ECLS discharged from hospital, and participants compared with non-participants.
| Variable | Survivorsa (n = 65) |
Excluded/Diedb (n = 12) |
Participants (n = 32) |
Non-participantsc (n = 21) |
p-valued |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 54 ± 14 | 62 ± 10 | 52 ± 12 | 51 ± 17 | .740 |
| Males, n (%) | 50 (77) | 11 (92) | 27 (84) | 12 (57) | .028* |
| BMI, mean ± SD | 26.3 ± 5.4 | 24.9 ± 3.1 | 27.2 ± 6.6 | 25.6 ± 4.2 | .363 |
| IABP prior to VA ECLS, n (%) | 29 (46) | 5 (33) | 14 (44) | 8 (38) | .543 |
| Distal perfusion, n (%)a | 36 (57) | 6 (50) | 18 (56) | 12 (57) | .838 |
| SOFA score | 10.1 ± 3.2 | 11.7 ± 3.7 | 9.8 ± 2.8 | 9.6 ± 3.2 | .619 |
| LVEF prior to discharge (%), mean ± SD | 53.2 ± 15.5 | 51.7 ± 12.8 | 52.5 ± 18.5 | 51.0 ± 17.0 | .475 |
| Duration of intubation (days), mean ± SD | 19.0 ± 18.0 | 35.5 ± 29.5 | 15.7 ± 13.3 | 14.2 ± 8.2 | .654 |
| Duration of ECLS (days), mean ± SD | 7.3 ± 5.2 | 7.4 ± 6.3 | 8.0 ± 5.9 | 6.0 ± 2.8 | .154 |
| Duration of ICU stay (days), mean ± SD | 22.0 ± 16.5 | 38.6 ± 27.3 | 17.4 ± 9.7 | 19.5 ± 10.3 | .459 |
| Duration of in-hospital stay (days), mean ± SD | 52.7 ± 42.0 | 88.3 ± 53.6 | 48.1 ± 41.7 | 39.0 ± 19.7 | .370 |
| Reason for ECLS support, n (%) | .371 | ||||
| Cardiac shock before ECLS | 35 (54) | 5 (42) | 19 (60) | 11 (52) | |
| Respiratory failure before ECLS | 25 (38) | 4 (33) | 11 (34) | 10 (48) | |
| ECPR | 5 (8) | 3 (25) | 2 (6) | 0 (0) |
BMI, body mass index; ECLS, extracorporeal life support; ECPR, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation; VA, veno-arterial; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; SD, standard deviation; SOFA, sepsis-related organ failure assessment.
aAll patients who received ECLS between April 2012 and September 2014 and were discharged from hospital.
bSurvivors who received ECLS but did not meet the study criteria (9) and died after discharge (3)
cSurvivors who declined to participate (6), or were not available to be invited to participate (15)
dThe p value was determined by Mann-Whitney U tests or chi-square test for comparisons of age, sex and ICU outcomes between participants and non-participants.
*p < .05