Table 4. General estimating equation model for analyzing the effect of ECLS on variables of health status and quality of life.

Variable	β	SE	95% CI		p
Health Status
Physical activitya
3 month vs. pre-discharge	10.53	1.31	7.96	13.1	< .001
6 month vs. pre-discharge	11.28	1.34	8.66	13.9	< .001
9 month vs. pre-discharge	11.47	1.29	8.95	13.99	< .001
12 month vs. pre-discharge	11.76	1.32	9.17	14.35	< .001
Depressionb
Group (VA vs. VV)	-9.17	2.34	-13.75	-4.59	< .001
Time
3 month vs. pre-discharge	-15.36	2.22	-19.72	-11.01	< .001
6 month vs. pre-discharge	-15.36	2.54	-20.35	-10.38	< .001
9 month vs. pre-discharge	-12.91	2.64	-18.08	-7.74	< .001
12 month vs. pre-discharge	-12.82	2.67	-18.04	-7.59	< .001
Interaction
VA × 3 month	10.98	2.74	5.61	16.35	< .001
VA × 6 month	9.36	3.14	3.21	15.52	.003
VA × 9 month	5.34	3.26	-1.04	11.72	.101
VA × 12 month	6.54	3.30	0.06	13.02	.048
Social supportc
3 month vs. pre-discharge	-2.72	2.07	-6.78	1.34	.189
6 month vs. pre-discharge	-2.84	2.34	-7.44	1.75	.225
9 month vs. pre-discharge	-7.41	2.57	-12.44	-2.37	.004
12 month vs. pre-discharge	-10.33	2.24	-14.72	-5.95	< .001
Quality of life
PCSd
6 month vs. 3 month	1.60	1.03	-0.421	3.62	.121
9 month vs. 3 month	1.93	0.94	0.10	3.76	.039
12 month vs. 3 month	3.37	0.26	2.85	3.88	< .001
MCSe
6 month vs. 3 month	1.88	1.51	-1.09	4.84	.215
9 month vs. 3 month	2.20	1.55	-0.83	5.24	.155
12 month vs. 3 month	1.44	1.51	-1.51	4.39	.338

ECLS, extracorporeal life support; SE, Standard error; VA, veno-arterial; VV, veno-venous

MCS, mental component summary scales of the Short-Form 36; PCS, physical component summary scales of the Short-Form 36.

^aModel effect of VA group × time interaction: Wald chi-squared = 108.90, p < .001

^bModel effect of VA group × time interaction: Wald chi-squared = 17.50, p = .002

^cModel effect of VA group × time interaction: Wald chi-squared = 90.12, p < .001

^dModel effect of VA group × time interaction: Wald chi-squared = 253.66, p < .001

^eModel effect of VA group × time interaction: Wald chi-squared = 2.71, p = .439