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. 2018 May 10;13(5):e0197244. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197244

Table 1. Characteristics of studies included.

Study Sampling
Year		 Location Population N Age (years) Mean Sex
Number		 Chemical (ng/mL)
Geometric mean (95% CI)
or median (range)		 Thyroid hormone Statistical analysis
PFOS PFOA PFHxS Others
Bloom et al.
2010		 1995–1997 USA Sportfish anglers and their partners 31 39 M:27
F:4		 19.57
(16.30–23.50)		 1.33
(1.15–1.53)		 0.75
(0.52–1.06)		 PFDA
PFNA
PFUnDA		 TSH
Free T4		 Multiple linear regression models (Log transformed)
Crawford et al.
2017		 2008–2009 USA Women attempting to conceive 99 33.3 All F 9.29
(8.31–10.38)		 2.79
(2.48–3.16)		 1.59
(1.37–1.84)		 PFNA TSH
Total T4
Free T4
Total T3		 Pearson correlations
Dallaire et al. 2009 2004 Canada General population
(Inuit)		 506 36.8 M: 245
F: 378		 18.28
(17.19–19.44)		 TSH
Free T4
Total T3		 Multiple linear regression models (Log transformed)
Ji et al.
2012		 2008 Korea General population 556 42.5 M: 219
F: 337		 7.96a
(5.58–12.10)b 		2.74a
(2.04–3.64) b 		1.51a
(0.92–2.34) b 		PFHpS
PFNA
PFDA
PFUnDA
PFDoDA
PFTrDA		 TSH
Total T4		 Multiple linear regression models (Log transformed)
Kato et al.
2016		 2001–2005 Japan Pregnant women
(24–41 weeks of gestational age)		 392 31.1 All F 5.2a
(1.6–12.3)		 1.2a
(LOD–3.4)		 TSH
Free T4		 Spearman correlations
Lewis et al.
2015		 2011–2012 USA General population
(NHANES)		 1682 40 M: 858
F: 824		 10 2.55 1.85 PFNA TSH
Total T4
Free T4
Total T3
Free T3		 Multiple linear regression models
Raymer et al. 2012 2002–2005 USA IVF Clinic 246 41.6 All M 32.3a
(6.4–151.0)c 		9.2a
(1.3–66.3)c 		TSH
Total T4
Total T3		 Multiple linear regression models
Shrestha et al. 2015 2005, 2010 USA General population
(Riverside)		 87 63.6 M: 51
F: 36		 31.60
(5.29–139.53)c 		9.17
(0.58–42.69)c 		TSH
Total T4, Free T4
Total T3		 Pearson correlations (Log transformed)
Wang et al.
2013		 1999–2008 Norway Pregnant women
(17–18 weeks of
gestational age)		 903 30 All F 12.77
(12.45–13.10)		 2.13
(2.07–2.20)		 0.62
(0.59–0.64)		 PFDA
PFHpS
PFNA
PFUnDA		 TSH Multiple linear regression models (Log transformed)
Wang et al.
2014		 2000–2001 Taiwan Pregnant women 283 28.8 All F 12.73a
(9.65–17.48)b 		2.39a
(1.54–3.40) b 		0.81a
(0.30–1.35) b 		PFNA
PFDeA
PFUnDA
PFDoDA		 TSH
Total T4, Free T4
Total T3		 Multiple linear regression models (Log transformed)
Wen et al.
2013		 2007–2010 USA General population
(NHANES)		 1181 NA M: 672
F: 509		 14.2
(13.59–14.86)		 4.15
(4.02–4.29)		 2.00
(1.89–2.11)		 PFNA TSH
Total T4, Free T4
Total T3, Free T3		 Multiple linear regression models (Log transformed)
Yang et al.
2016		 2013 China Pregnant women 157 29.8 All F 4.23
(0.73–19.96)c 		1.74
(0.73–8.11)c 		0.53
(0.12–4.22)c 		PFNA
PFDA
PFUnA
PFDoA		 TSH
Total T4
Free T4
Total T3
Free T3		 Spearman correlations

CI, Confidence interval; M, Male; F, Female

a Median

b Interquartile range

c Range (Min–Max)